Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT Antibody

Western Blot: Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT Antibody [NBP1-30052] - The decrease in protein expressions of c-kit, Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT, nNOS and Cx43 in the colon of elderly humans. Expressions of c-kit, ChAT, nNOS and Cx43 proteins in colonic muscle layers detached from youth and older adults were examined by western blotting (n=4 per group), and similar reduction was observed. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30530917/) licensed under a CC-BY license.

Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT Antibody [NBP1-30052] - Representative images of lumbar spinal cord sections at 130 days immunostained with Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT. Scale bar, 200 um. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//embomolmed.embopress.org/lookup/doi/10.15252/emmm.201808888), licensed under a CC-BY license.

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT Antibody [NBP1-30052] - Rat brainstem showing specific labeling using the anti-ChAT antibody. Image courtesy of Dr. Robert Sloviter, University of Arizona.

Western Blot: Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT Antibody [NBP1-30052] - Rat brain lysate showing specific immunolabeling of the ~70k ChAT.

Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT Antibody [NBP1-30052] - Immunostaining of anterior horn of lumbar spinal cord for Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT (in green) and p62 (in red) at 130 days. Scale bar, 10 um. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//embomolmed.embopress.org/lookup/doi/10.15252/emmm.201808888), licensed under a CC-BY license.

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT Antibody [NBP1-30052] - MATR3 loss in alpha -motor neurons & interneurons in the thoracic spinal cord of Matr3S85C/S85C mice. (A) Representative images of 10 & 30 weeks thoracic spinal cord staining for alpha -motor neurons (ChAT+, NeuN+, denoted by white arrows) & gamma -motor neurons (Chat+, NeuN−, denoted by yellow arrows). Scale bar for the spinal cord image denotes 500 μm & the zoomed-in image denotes 50 µm. Quantification of the percentage of motor neurons with reduced MATR3 staining in (B) alpha -motor neurons (10 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C; 30 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C) & (C) gamma -motor neurons (10 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C; 30 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C). Quantification of the number of (D) alpha -motor neurons (10 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C; 30 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C) & (E) gamma -motor neurons (10 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C; 30 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C). (F) Representative images of 10 & 30 weeks PVALB+ interneurons in the thoracic spinal cord. Interneurons with reduced MATR3 staining are denoted by a white asterisk. Scale bar denotes 50 µm. (G) Quantification of the percentage of PVALB+ interneurons with reduced MATR3 staining (10 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C; 30 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C). (H) Quantification of the number of PVALB+ interneurons (10 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C; 30 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C). Bar graph heights depict mean ± SEM, with each datapoint representing an animal. * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001, ns = not significant. Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35205163), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT Antibody [NBP1-30052] - MATR3 loss in alpha -motor neurons & interneurons in the cervical spinal cord of Matr3S85C/S85C mice. (A) Representative images of 10 & 30 weeks cervical spinal cord staining for alpha -motor neurons (ChAT+, NeuN+, denoted by white arrows) & gamma -motor neurons (ChAT+, NeuN−, denoted by yellow arrows). Scale bar for the spinal cord image denotes 500 μm & the zoomed-in image denotes 50 µm. Quantification of the percentage of motor neurons with reduced MATR3 staining in (B) alpha -motor neurons (10 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C; 30 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C) & (C) gamma -motor neurons (10 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C; 30 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C). Quantification of the number of (D) alpha -motor neurons (10 weeks: n = 6 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C; 30 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C) & (E) gamma -motor neurons (10 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C; 30 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C). (F) Representative images of 10 & 30 weeks PVALB+ interneurons in the cervical spinal cord. Interneurons with reduced MATR3 staining are denoted by a white asterisk. Scale bar denotes 50 µm. (G) Quantification of the percentage of PVALB+ interneurons with reduced MATR3 staining (10 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C; 30 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C). (H) Quantification of the number of PVALB+ interneurons (10 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C; 30 weeks: n = 3 Matr3+/+, 3 Matr3S85C/S85C). Bar graph heights depict mean ± SEM, with each datapoint representing an animal. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001, ns = not significant. Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35205163), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

• Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt, Ch, Gp, Pm
• Applications: WB, ICC/IF, IHC, IHC
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Unconjugated

Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT Antibody Summary

• Description: Recommended that the undiluted antibody be aliquoted into smaller working volumes (10-30 uL/vial depending on usage).
• Immunogen: Native choline acetyltransferase purifed from human placenta
• Marker: Cholinergic Neuronal Marker
• Specificity: Specific for endogenous levels of the ~70 kDa Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT protein.
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Gene: CHAT
• Purity: Affinity purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence
  • Immunohistochemistry Free-Floating
  • Immunohistochemistry Whole-Mount
  • Immunohistochemistry 1:100
  • Immunohistochemistry-Frozen
  • Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin 1:10-1:500
  • Western Blot 1:100
• Application Notes: Use in Immunohistochemistry-Frozen reported in scientific literature (PMID 21912682) Use in Immunohistochemistry-whole mount reported in scientific literature (PMID 24630395). ICC/IF reported in scientific literature (PMID 23095258). Use in Immunohistochemistry-free floating reported in scientific literature (PMID: 30261285).
• Theoretical MW: 70 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at -20C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: PBS and 5 mg/ml BSA
• Preservative: 0.2% Sodium Azide
• Purity: Affinity purified

Alternate Names for Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT Antibody

• acetyl CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
• CHAT
• CHOACTase
• Choline acetylase
• Choline Acetyltransferase
• choline O-acetyltransferase
• CMS1A
• CMS1A2
• EC 2.3.1
• EC 2.3.1.6

Background

Cholinergic systems are implicated in numerous neurologic functions. Alteration in some cholinergic neurons may account for the disturbances of Alzheimer disease. The protein encoded by this gene synthesizes the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Alternative splice variants have been found that contain alternative 5' untranslated exons. Three of the four described splice variants encode identical 69 kDa proteins while one variant encodes both the 69 kDa and a larger 82 kDa protein.; Choline acetylase catalyzes the reversible synthesis of acetylcholine (ACh) from acetyl CoA and choline at cholinergic synapses.; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Acetyl-CoA + choline = CoA + O-acetylcholine.; Defects in CHAT are the cause of familial infantile myasthenia gravis 2 (FIMG2); also known as CMS-EA. FIMG2 patients have myasthenic symptoms since birth or early infancy, negative tests for anti-AChR antibodies, and abrupt episodic crises with increased weakness, bulbar paralysis, and apnea precipitated by undue exertion, fever, or excitement. Inheritance is autosomal recessive.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for Choline Acetyltransferase/ChAT Antibody (NBP1-30052)(28)

Publications using NBP1-30052

• Gavoci A, Zhiti A, Rusková M et al. Polyglutamylation of microtubules drives neuronal remodeling. Nature Communications 2025-06-25 [PMID: 40562742]
• Biswas S, Shahriar S, Bachay G, Arvanitis P et Al. Glutamatergic neuronal activity regulates angiogenesis and blood-retinal barrier maturation via Norrin/?-catenin signaling Neuron 2024-04-10 [PMID: 38599212]
• Patlin B, Schwerdtfeger L, Tobet S Neuropeptide stimulation of physiological and immunological responses in precision-cut lung slices Physiological reports 2023-11-01 [PMID: 37994278]
• Xiong W, Jin L, Zhao Y et al. Deletion of Transferrin Receptor 1 in Parvalbumin Interneurons Induces a Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia-like Phenotype The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2023-06-12 [PMID: 37308296]
• Schneider KM, Blank N, Alvarez Y, Thum K et Al. The enteric nervous system relays psychological stress to intestinal inflammation Cell 2023-05-26 [PMID: 37236193]
• Liu S, Xiang K, Yuan F, Xiang M Generation of self-organized autonomic ganglion organoids from fibroblasts iScience 2023-03-01 [PMID: 36922996]
• Wang J, Xu L, Peng D et al. IFN-?-STAT1-mediated CD8+ T-cell-neural stem cell cross talk controls astrogliogenesis after spinal cord injury Inflammation and regeneration 2023-02-13 [PMID: 36782279] (IHC, ICC/IF, Mouse)
• You J, Maksimovic K, Lee J et al. Selective Loss of MATR3 in Spinal Interneurons, Upper Motor Neurons and Hippocampal CA1 Neurons in a MATR3 S85C Knock-In Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Biology 2022-02-12 [PMID: 35205163] (IF/IHC, Mouse)
• Radzimirska M, Kuchinka J, Kuder T Et al. Distribution and neurochemical characteristic of the cardiac nerve structures in the heart of chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger Molina) Folia histochemica et cytobiologica 2021-09-28 [PMID: 34581422]
• Tassone A, Martella G, Meringolo M et al. Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter Alters Cholinergic Tone and Synaptic Plasticity in DYT1 Dystonia Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society 2021-06-26 [PMID: 34173686]
• Li Z, Wang Y, Jiang Y et al. Xiao-Qing-Long-Tang Maintains Cardiac Function during Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction in Salt-Sensitive Rats by Regulating the Imbalance of Cardiac Sympathetic Innervation Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020-11-24 [PMID: 33628295] (Immunohistochemistry-Frozen, Mouse)
• Yao Y, Wang J, He T et al. Microarray assay of circular RNAs reveals cicRNA.7079 as a new anti-apoptotic molecule in spinal cord injury in mice Brain Res Bull 2020-09-04 [PMID: 32882320]
• Radzimirska M, Kuchinka J, Nowak E et al. Cholinergic and adrenergic innervation of the pancreas in chinchilla (Chinchilla Laniger Molina) Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 2020-04-09 [PMID: 32202307] (Immunohistochemistry-Frozen, Mouse)
• Cover KK, Gyawali U, Kerkhoff WG et al. Activation of the Rostral Intralaminar Thalamus Drives Reinforcement through Striatal Dopamine Release Cell Rep 2019-02-05 [PMID: 30726725] (Immunohistochemistry-Frozen, Mouse)
• Bonsi P, Ponterio G, Vanni V et al. RGS9-2 rescues dopamine D2 receptor levels and signaling in DYT1 dystonia mouse models EMBO Mol Med 2018-12-14 [PMID: 30552094] (ICC/IF, Mouse)
• Sun T, Li D, Hu S et al. Aging-dependent decrease in the numbers of enteric neurons, interstitial cells of Cajal and expression of connexin43 in various regions of gastrointestinal tract. Aging (Albany NY) 2018-12-11 [PMID: 30530917] (ICC/IF, WB, Mouse)
• Mellone M, Zianni E, Stanic J et al. NMDA receptor GluN2D subunit participates to levodopa-induced dyskinesia pathophysiology. Neurobiol. Dis. 2018-09-24 [PMID: 30261285] (IHC-FrFl, Rat)
• Palomo GM, Granatiero V, Kawamata H et al. Parkin is a disease modifier in the mutant SOD1 mouse model of ALS EMBO Mol Med 2018-08-20 [PMID: 30126943] (IF/IHC, Mouse)
• Simandi Z, Pajer K, Karolyi K et al. Arginine Methyltransferase PRMT8 Provides Cellular Stress Tolerance in Aging Motoneurons J. Neurosci. 2018-08-29 [PMID: 30054395] (WB, Mouse)
• Rotheneichner P, Belles M, Benedetti B et al. Cellular Plasticity in the Adult Murine Piriform Cortex: Continuous Maturation of Dormant Precursors Into Excitatory Neurons Cereb. Cortex 2018-04-21 [PMID: 29688272] (IF/IHC, Mouse)
• Burstein SR, Valsecchi F, Kawamata H et al. In vitro and in vivo studies of the ALS-FTLD protein CHCHD10 reveal novel mitochondrial topology and protein interactions Hum. Mol. Genet. 2017-11-03 [PMID: 29112723] (Mouse)
• Stanic J, Mellone M, Napolitano F et al. Rabphilin 3A: A novel target for the treatment of levodopa-induced dyskinesias Neurobiol. Dis. 2017-08-18 [PMID: 28823933] (IF/IHC, Rat)
• Gelfo F, Cutuli D, Nobili A et al. Chronic Lithium Treatment in a Rat Model of Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Depletion: Effects on Memory Impairment and Neurodegeneration. J. Alzheimers Dis. 2017-02-22 [PMID: 28222508]
• Zhang GQ, Yang S, Li XS, Zhou DS. Expression and possible role of IGF-IR in the mouse gastric myenteric plexus and smooth muscles. Acta Histochem. 2014-03-12 [PMID: 24630395] (IHC-Fr, IHC-WhMt, Mouse)
• Martella G, Maltese M, Nistico R et al. Regional specificity of synaptic plasticity deficits in a knock-in mouse model of DYT1 dystonia. Neurobiol. Dis. 2014-03-03 [PMID: 24503369] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)
• Ponterio G, Tassone A, Sciamanna G et al. Powerful inhibitory action of mu opioid receptors (MOR) on cholinergic interneuron excitability in the dorsal striatum. Neuropharmacology 2013-07-25 [PMID: 23891638] (ICC/IF, IF/IHC, Mouse)
• Liu J, Tu H, Zhang D et al. Voltage-gated sodium channel expression and action potential generation in differentiated NG108-15 cells BMC Neurosci 2012-10-25 [PMID: 23095258] (ICC/IF, Rat, Mouse)
• Sciamanna G, Tassone A, Martella G et al. Developmental Profile of the Aberrant Dopamine D2 Receptor Response in Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons in DYT1 Dystonia. PLoS ONE;6(9). 2011-01-01 [PMID: 21912682] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: CHAT
• Uniprot:
  • P28329(Human)