Calreticulin Antibody (681233) [Janelia Fluor® 549]

• Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt
• Applications: WB, IHC, Flow, KO
• Clone: 681233
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Conjugate: Janelia Fluor 549

Calreticulin Antibody (681233) [Janelia Fluor® 549] Summary

• Description: This conjugate is made on demand and is not held in inventory. Each order represents a unique lot. All conjugates are generated using validated conjugation protocols and meet strict degree of labeling (F/P) specifications; additional information is available upon request. The antibody concentration is provided on the individual product label.
  
  For specialized conjugation needs, like large quantities, specific concentrations, and defined F/P ratios, bulk and custom antibody conjugation services are available.
• Immunogen: E. coli-derived recombinant human Calreticulin
  Glu18-Leu417
  Accession # P27797
• Specificity: Detects human Calreticulin in ELISA. Detects human, mouse and rat Calreticulin in Western blots.
• Isotype: IgG2b
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Gene: CALR
• Purity: Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Intracellular Staining by Flow Cytometry
  • Knockout Validated
  • Western Blot
• Application Notes: Recommended applications are based on validated applications from the unconjugated base product MAB38981. This conjugated antibody is not kept in inventory and is made to order using validated conjugation protocols.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at 4C in the dark.
• Buffer: 50mM Sodium Borate
• Preservative: 0.05% Sodium Azide
• Purity: Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

Notes

Sold under license from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus.

Alternate Names for Calreticulin Antibody (681233) [Janelia Fluor® 549]

• Autoantigen Ro
• CALR
• Calregulin
• Calreticulin
• cC1qR
• CRP55
• CRT
• Endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 60
• epididymis secretory sperm binding protein Li 99n
• ERp60
• FLJ26680
• grp60
• HACBP
• HEL-S-99n
• RO
• Sicca syndrome antigen A (autoantigen Ro; calreticulin)
• SSA
• Vasostatin

Background

Calreticulin, also called CALR, is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein that functions as a calcium (Ca2+) buffering molecular chaperone (1-3). Together with calnexin and ERp57, calreticulin has a critical role in protein folding and quality control of newly synthesized glycoproteins (1-3). Calreticulin has many diverse functions beyond Ca2+ binding, including cell adhesion, lectin binding, apoptosis, nuclear transport, antigen presentation, and immune response (1-3). Specifically, calreticulin is part of the peptide-loading complex that resides on the ER membrane and is responsible for antigen loading onto MHC class I molecules (1-3). Calreticulin protein has a theoretical molecular weight of 46 kDa and is 417 amino acids (aa) in length (1-3). The protein has three main domains: the N-terminal lectin-like domain, the proline-rich P-domain, and the acidic C-domain which is followed by an ER-retention KDEL signal sequence (1-3).

Given its role in multiple biological processes, it makes sense that calreticulin is implicated in both healthy and disease states. Studies have found that calreticulin mutations were present in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MFN) and essential thrombocythaemia (ET) (4). Calreticulin expression is typically upregulated in most cancer lines, however it is downregulated in some tissues including cervical carcinomas, prostate cancer, and human colon adenocarcinoma (3). High expression of calreticulin on cancer cells is related to tumor cell phagocytosis and is often correlated with, and counteracted by, elevated CD47 expression to prevent cancer cell phagocytosis (3). Calreticulin mutations can serve as a major diagnostic biomarker for MFN and ET and additionally the calreticulin gene may be a potential target for cancer therapeutics (3,4).

References

1. Michalak, M., Groenendyk, J., Szabo, E., Gold, L. I., & Opas, M. (2009). Calreticulin, a multi-process calcium-buffering chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum. The Biochemical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20081847

2. Fucikova, J., Spisek, R., Kroemer, G., & Galluzzi, L. (2021). Calreticulin and cancer. Cell Research. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0383-9

3. Sun, J., Mu, H., Dai, K., & Yi, L. (2017). Calreticulin: a potential anti-cancer therapeutic target. Die Pharmazie. https://doi.org/10.1691/ph.2017.7031

4. Prins, D., Gonzalez Arias, C., Klampfl, T., Grinfeld, J., & Green, A. R. (2020). Mutant Calreticulin in the Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. HemaSphere. https://doi.org/10.1097/HS9.0000000000000333

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: CALR