B7-2/CD86 Antibody (GL1)

Product Discontinued

B7-2/CD86 Antibody (GL1) Summary

• Immunogen: LPS-activated mouse B cells
• Marker: DC Maturation Marker
• Isotype: IgG2a Kappa
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Rat
• Gene: CD86
• Purity: Protein G purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Flow Cytometry 0.5-2 ug/10^6 cells
  • Neutralization
• Application Notes: Measured by its ability to neutralize B7-2/CD86-induced IL-2 secretion in the Jurkat human acute T cell leukemia cell line. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 0.05-0.25 ug/mL in the presence of 0.5 ug/mL Recombinant Mouse B7-2/CD86 Fc Chimera and 10 ug/mL PHA. (Linsley, P. et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 87:5031).

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at -20C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: Sterile - filtered PBS
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: 0.5 mg/ml
• Purity: Protein G purified

Alternate Names for B7-2/CD86 Antibody (GL1)

• Activation B7-2 antigen
• B70
• B7-2 antigen
• B72
• B7-2
• B-lymphocyte activation antigen B7-2
• BU63
• CD28 antigen ligand 2
• CD28LG2B7-2 antigen)
• CD86 antigen
• CD86 molecule
• CD86
• CTLA-4 counter-receptor B7.2
• FUN-1
• LAB72
• MGC34413
• T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86

Background

B7-2, also referred to as CD86, is a glycosylated type 1 membrane protein that is a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily (1). B7-2/CD86 is constitutively expressed on antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and B cells and functions in controlling immune responses through either costimulatory or coinhibitory signals (1,2). Expression of B7-2 is upregulated by APCs upon activation and can be induced in T cells (1,3). The human B7-2 protein, encoded by the CD86 gene, is 329 amino acids (aa) in length with a theoretical molecular weight (MW) of 37.6 kDa (4). The B7-2 protein contains characteristic Ig variable-like (IgV) and constant-like (IgC) domains within its extracellular region (1,3). B7-2/CD86 has structural similarity and shares ~25% sequence homology with another B7 family molecule, B7-1/CD80 (3,5). Both B7-1 and B7-2 are ligands for the activating receptor CD28 and the regulatory receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) which are expressed on subsets of T cells (1-3,5-7). However, B7-1 and B7-2 bind to CTLA-4 with higher affinity than CD28 (3,5,6). B7-2/CD86 binding to CD28 results in costimulatory signals to promote T cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine production (1-3. 5-7). Binding to CTLA-4 initiates coinhibitory signaling to attenuate the pro-inflammatory T cell response, while also promoting the suppressive function of regulatory T (Treg) cells through expression of indoleamine 2,3-deoxygenase (IDO) (1-3,6,7). Molecules involved in T cell co-signaling have become considerable targets of interest for cancer immunotherapy (7). The anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody ipilimumab, first approved for the treatment of metastatic melanoma, prevents B7-1/B7-2 molecules from binding to CTLA-4, thus driving B7-CD28 binding and promoting costimulatory signals and antitumor effects (1,7,8). Combination therapies targeting co-signaling molecules are currently under investigation to improve antitumor response for treatment of both melanoma and non-melanoma cancers (7,8).

References

1. Collins M, Ling V, Carreno BM. The B7 family of immune-regulatory ligands. Genome Biol. 2005;6(6):223. https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2005-6-6-223

2. Greaves P, Gribben JG. The role of B7 family molecules in hematologic malignancy. Blood. 2013;121(5):734-744. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-10-385591

3. Bolandi N, Derakhshani A, Hemmat N, et al. The Positive and Negative Immunoregulatory Role of B7 Family: Promising Novel Targets in Gastric Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(19):10719. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910719

4. Uniprot (P42081)

5. Bhatia S, Edidin M, Almo SC, Nathenson SG. B7-1 and B7-2: similar costimulatory ligands with different biochemical, oligomeric and signaling properties. Immunol Lett. 2006;104(1-2):70-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imlet.2005.11.019

6. Ohue Y, Nishikawa H. Regulatory T (Treg) cells in cancer: Can Treg cells be a new therapeutic target?. Cancer Sci. 2019;110(7):2080-2089. https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.14069

7. Chen L, Flies DB. Molecular mechanisms of T cell co-stimulation and co-inhibition [published correction appears in Nat Rev Immunol. 2013 Jul;13(7):542]. Nat Rev Immunol. 2013;13(4):227-242. https://doi.org/1010.1038/nri3405

8. Karimi A, Alilou S, Mirzaei HR. Adverse Events Following Administration of Anti-CTLA4 Antibody Ipilimumab. Front Oncol. 2021;11:624780. https://doi.org/101010.3389/fonc.2021.624780

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for B7-2/CD86 Antibody (NBP2-30148)(1)

Publication using NBP2-30148

• McLellan AD, Kapp M, Eggert A et al. Anatomic location and T-cell stimulatory functions of mouse dendritic cell subsets defined by CD4 and CD8 expression. Blood. 2002-03-15 [PMID: 11877283] (FLOW, Mouse)
  
  Details:
  This citation used the FITC version of this antibody.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: CD86