Antibodies

The Wnt/beta Catenin signaling pathway plays a critical role in embryonic development, stem cell self-renewal and regeneration. Alterations in this signaling cascade have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer.

HA95 is a nuclear protein with high homology to the nuclear A-kinase anchoring protein AKAP95, involved in the regulation of nuclear envelope-chromatin interactions. Antibody immunostaining data indicate that HA95 is tightly associated with chromatin and the nuclear matrix/lamina network in interphase, and bound to chromatin at mitosis.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 is a major transcription factor composed of two subunits: HIF-1alpha and HIF-1 beta. Under normoxic conditions, HIF-1 alpha is targeted to proteosomal degradation via ubiquitination.

Synaptonemal Complex Protein 1 (SCP1) is a novel tumor antigen that belongs to the growing family of cancer/testis antigens (CTA). SCP-1 is known to be selectively expressed during the meiotic prophase of spermatocytes and is involved in the pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I. Investigation of a broad spectrum of normal and malignant tissues revealed that expression of SCP-1 transcripts and antigen selectively in a variety of neoplastic tissues and tumor cell lines.

ABCG2 is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily. Among ABC transporters ABCG2 is particularly interesting for its potential role in protecting cancer stem cells and its complex oligomeric structure (1).

The luciferase reporter is a valuable tool for research into physiology and disease. Light emitted from luciferase enables the monitoring of xenografted tumors, specific cell types, gene expression and pathogens within live animals over time using bioluminescence imaging (BLI) technology. Further detail can be revealed through the use of luciferase antibodies.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe muscle wasting condition, causing disability and early death. There is currently no cure or adequate treatment for DMD, but pioneering research indicates that injection of a laminin protein may prevent (or at least slow) this muscle degeneration.

Retinal pigment epithelium-specific 65 kDa protein (RPE65) is an essential vision protein, and so mutations in the RPE65 gene cause blindness. However, clinical trials using gene therapy to treat patients with a defective RPE65 gene suggest that some vision may be restored.

There are two opposing sides to the controversial cysteine/glutamate antiporter. On one hand, it can be viewed a guardian of the cell, protecting it from the damaging oxidative stress that can cause cell death and even cancer. But, conversely, it has a dark side, actually facilitating cancer in a number of ways.

Acromegaly is a rare life-shortening disease caused by elevated levels of growth hormone (GH) secreted by a tumor on the pituitary gland. Treatments include somatostatin analogs, which activate somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), reducing GH secretion and tumor size.