Recombinant Human Integrin alpha 6 beta 1 Protein, CF

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Human Integrin alpha 6 beta 1 Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Human Laminin alpha 4 (Catalog # 7340-A4) is coated at 5 μg/mL, Recombinant Human Integrin alpha 6 beta 1 binds with apparent K_D <2nM.
• Source: Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived human Integrin alpha 6 beta 1 protein
  

  Human Integrin alpha 6 (Phe24-Ser1012) Accession # NP_000201	GGGSGGGS	Acidic Tail	HHHHHH
  Human Integrin beta 1 (Gln21-Asp728) Accession # P05556	GGGSGGGS	Basic Tail
  N-terminus			C-terminus

• Accession #: NP_000201 ( alpha 6 subunit) & P05556 ( beta 1 subunit)
• N-terminal Sequence: Phe24 ( alpha 6 subunit) & Gln21 predicted: No results obtained, sequencing might be blocked ( beta 1 subunit)
• Structure / Form: Noncovalently-linked heterodimer
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 119 kDa ( alpha 6 subunit) & 86.4 kDa ( beta 1 subunit).
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 110-140 kDa & 140 - 170 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 400 μg/mL in PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human Integrin alpha 6 beta 1 Protein, CF

• CD49f
• Integrin alpha 6 beta 1
• ITGA6B
• VLA-6

Background

Integrin alpha 6 beta 1, also called platelet glycoprotein GPIc-IIa, is a laminin binding integrin that is expressed on T cells, monocytes, endothelial cells, stem cells, and platelets (1-9). The non-covalent heterodimer is composed of ~150 kDa alpha 6/CD49f and 130 kDa beta 1/CD29 type I transmembrane glycoprotein subunits (2). While alpha 6 pairs only with beta 1 or beta 4, twelve integrins share the beta 1 subunit (1-5). The alpha 6 subunit is cleaved into extracellular heavy and transmembrane light chains (3). Alternative splicing in the human alpha 6 extracellular domain (ECD) at amino acid (aa) 216 creates X1 (ubiquitous), X2 and X1X2 isoforms, while splicing at a mouse or human cytoplasmic site creates A and B isoforms (10, 11). These forms do not appear to alter the binding specificity (4, 10, 11). The beta 1 ECD contains a vWFA domain, which participates in binding. Each subunit then has a transmembrane sequence and a short cytoplasmic tail. The dimer is folded when it is least active. Divalent cations and intracellular (inside-out) signaling convert it to its most active, extended and open conformation (1, 2). The human alpha 6 (X1) heavy chain shares 94‑95% aa identity with mouse, rat, bovine, and canine alpha 6, and the human beta 1 ECD shares 92‑96% aa sequence identity with rat, bovine, mouse, and feline beta 1. alpha 6 beta 1 shows broad specificity for adhesion to laminin isoforms (4, 10). Its expression on human and mouse pluripotent stem cells is important for attachment, expansion, and self‑renewal on LN‑511 (laminin  alpha ₅  beta ₁ gamma ₁) (6, 7). The secreted protein Netrin-4 and the laminin  gamma ₁ subunit form an adhesion‑activating complex with alpha 6 beta 1 on mouse neural stem cells and human lymphatic endothelial cells that promotes lymphangiogenesis (8, 9). alpha 6 beta 1 up‑regulation on cancers such as prostate, glioma, and hepatoma is reported to enhance tumorigenicity, motility, invasion and metastasis (12‑14). alpha 6 beta 1 cleavage via uPA (urokinase-type plasminogen activator) facilitates tumorigenicity in prostate cancers, and interaction of hepatoma alpha 6 beta 1 with EMMPRIN/CD147 may also enhance tumorigenicity by inducing uPA and other metalloproteinases (12, 13).

1. Takada, Y. et al. (2007) Genome Biol. 8:215.
2. Luo, B-H. et al. (2007) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 25:619.
3. Tamura, R.N. et al. (1990) J. Cell Biol. 111:1593.
4. Nishiuchi, R. et al. (2006) Matrix Biol. 25:189.
5. Sonnenberg, A. and C.J.T. Linders (1990) J. Cell Science 96:207.
6. Rodin, S. et al. (2010) Nat. Biotech. 28:611.
7. Domogatskaya A. et al. (2008) Stem Cells 26:2800.
8. Staquicini, F.I. et al. (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106:2903.
9. Larrieu-Lahargue, F. et al. (2011) Circ. Res. 109:770.
10. Delwel, G. O. et al. (1995) Cell Adhes. Commun. 3:143.
11. Hogervorst, F. et al. (1993) J. Cell Biol. 121:179.
12. Sroka, I.C. et al. (2011) Mol. Cancer Res. 9:1319.
13. Dai, J.Y. et al. (2009) BMC Cancer 9:337.
14. Delamarre, E. et al. (2009) Am. J. Pathol. 175:844.

Publications for Integrin alpha 6 beta 1 (7809-A6)(3)

Publications using 7809-A6

• A Rajan, BD Persson, L Frängsmyr, A Olofsson, L Sandblad, J Heino, Y Takada, AP Mould, LM Schnapp, J Gall, N Arnberg Enteric Species F Human Adenoviruses use Laminin-Binding Integrins as Co-Receptors for Infection of Ht-29 Cells Sci Rep, 2018-07-03;8(1):10019. 2018-07-03 [PMID: 29968781] (Surface Plasmon Resonance)
• Ishikawa T, Wondimu Z, Oikawa Y, Ingerpuu S, Virtanen I, Patarroyo M Monoclonal antibodies to human laminin alpha4 chain globular domain inhibit tumor cell adhesion and migration on laminins 411 and 421, and binding of alpha6beta1 integrin and MCAM to alpha4-laminins. Matrix Biol, 2014-03-27;36(0):5-14. 2014-03-27 [PMID: 24681327] (Bioassay, Human)
• Stampolidis P, Ullrich A, Iacobelli S LGALS3BP, lectin galactoside-binding soluble 3 binding protein, promotes oncogenic cellular events impeded by antibody intervention. Oncogene, 2013-12-23;34(1):39-52. 2013-12-23 [PMID: 24362527] (Bioassay, Human)

Bioinformatics

• Uniprot:
  • NP_000201 ( alpha 6 subunit) & P05556 ( beta 1 subunit)()