Recombinant Human Kirrel2/NEPH3 Protein, CF

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Human Kirrel2/NEPH3 Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by the ability of the immobilized protein to support the adhesion of MS‑1 mouse pancreatic islet endothelial cells. When 5 x 10⁴ cells per well are added to rhKirrel2 coated plates (30 μg/mL, 100 μL/well) approximately 40-70 % will adhere after 90 minutes at 37 °C.
• Source: Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived human Kirrel2/NEPH3 protein
  Gly21-Arg503, with a C-terminal 6-His tag
• Accession #: NP_115499
• N-terminal Sequence: Gly21
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: KIRREL2
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 51.7 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 62-66 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 500 μg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human Kirrel2/NEPH3 Protein, CF

• DKFZp564A1164
• Filtrin
• FILTRINkin of IRRE-like protein 2
• kin of IRRE like 2 (Drosophila)
• Kin of irregular chiasm-like protein 2
• Kirrel2
• MGC15718
• NEPH3
• NEPH3Nephrin-like protein 3
• nephrin-like 3
• nephrin-like gene 1
• NLG1
• NLG1kin of irregular chiasm-like 2

Background

Kirrel2 (kin of irregular chiasm-1-like 2), also known as filtrin, NEPH3 (nephrin-like 3) or NLG1 (nephrin-like gene 1), is a 107 kDa type I transmembrane adhesion protein belonging to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily (1, 2). Kirrel2 is expressed both in pancreatic islet beta cells and kidney glomerulus, and is also found in brain and lymph nodes (1 - 9). Human Kirrel2 cDNA encodes a 708 amino acid (aa) protein that contains a 19 aa signal sequence, a 491 aa extracellular domain with five C2-type Ig-like domains, a 21 aa transmembrane sequence and a 177 aa intracellular domain with a nephrin-like podocin binding site (aa 597 - 606) (4, 5). An extracellular RGD sequence allows for cell attachment (4). The extracellular domain of human Kirrel2 shares 86%, 84%, 89% and 87% aa identity with mouse, rat, equine and bovine Kirrel2, respectively. Alternately spliced human Kirrel2 isoforms of 688, 633 and 583 aa have been described (6). These are, respectively, either missing aa 192 - 211, or have a 23 aa alternate C-terminus in place of aa 611 - 708, with or without aa 22 - 71 at the N-terminus. Human Kirrel2 is downregulated in glomeruli of patients with proteinuria, suggesting an involvement in the maintenance of the glomerular filtration barrier (7). Autoantibodies to Kirrel2 have been identified in a subset of humans with type I diabetes, indicating its involvement with islet  beta cell function (8). In the brain, Kirrel2 is present in olfactory neurons, but only when they are active; homophilic adhesion of Kirrel2 is postulated to help correlate nerves identifying the same odorant (9). It is also a marker for mouse early postmitotic neural precursors in the ventricular zone of the developing mouse spinal cord (10).

1. Sun C. et al. (2003) Genomics 82:130.
2. Ihalmo, P. et al. (2003) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 300:364.
3. Rinta-Valkama, J. et al. (2007) Mol. Cell. Biochem. 294:117.
4. Sellin, L. et al. (2003) FASEB J. 17:115.
5. NCBI Protein Accession # Q6UWL6.
6. NCBI Protein Accession # AAH64925, NP_115499 and NP_954648.
7. Ihalmo, P. et al. (2007) Nephrol. Dial. Transplant 22:1903.
8. Rinta-Valkama, J. et al. (2007) Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. 23:119.
9. Serizawa, S. et al. (2006) Cell 127:1057.
10. Minaki, Y. et al. (2005) Neurosci. Res. 52:250.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: KIRREL2
• Uniprot:
  • NP_115499(Human)