Osteoactivin/GPNMB Antibody (297310)

Features of DBA-g+ and DBA mice.(A) Expression of Gpnmb is observed in DBA-g+ but not DBA mice following a single injection of CCl4. However, (B) sequential changes in serum ALT levels and the degree of liver injury are not affected by the lack of Gpnmb-positive macrophages (original magnification, x100). Conversely, (C) the areas of fibrosis and (D) the number of alpha -SMA-positive cells are significantly decreased in the liver tissues of DBA mice compared to DBA-g+ mice (original magnification, x200). Additionally, (E) although lack of Gpnmb-positive macrophages does not affect expression of TGF-beta or Col1 alpha 1, expression of MMP-9, MMP-13, and TIMP-1 are significantly decreased in mice lacking Gpnmb expression at six or eight days after single injection of CCl4. Values are mean ± SEM (n = 4). * P < 0.05 (Mann-Whitney U test). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26599547), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Features of DBA-g+ and DBA mice.(A) Expression of Gpnmb is observed in DBA-g+ but not DBA mice following a single injection of CCl4. However, (B) sequential changes in serum ALT levels and the degree of liver injury are not affected by the lack of Gpnmb-positive macrophages (original magnification, x100). Conversely, (C) the areas of fibrosis and (D) the number of alpha -SMA-positive cells are significantly decreased in the liver tissues of DBA mice compared to DBA-g+ mice (original magnification, x200). Additionally, (E) although lack of Gpnmb-positive macrophages does not affect expression of TGF-beta or Col1 alpha 1, expression of MMP-9, MMP-13, and TIMP-1 are significantly decreased in mice lacking Gpnmb expression at six or eight days after single injection of CCl4. Values are mean ± SEM (n = 4). * P < 0.05 (Mann-Whitney U test). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26599547), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Sequential changes in and localization of Gpnmb expression. Gpnmb expression is enhanced in the recovery phase (A) in whole liver as determined by Western blotting and (B) in isolated hepatic macrophages as determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (n = 5 at each day). (C) Moreover, Gpnmb expression is observed immunohistochemically around injured lesions in a pattern similar to that in F4/80-positive macrophages, and Gpnmb-positive cells exhibit partial phagocytosis. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26599547), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Characteristics of gpnmb-positive cells infiltrating liver tissue. In LMNCs isolated from injured liver, (A) more than 90% of hepatic macrophages positive for F4/80 are also positive for CD68, whereas CD11b is expressed in approximately 10% of F4/80-positive cells. Gpnmb expression is detected in approximately 50% of CD68-positive cells. (B) Immunofluorescent double staining shows that some CD68-positive cells are also positive for Gpnmb (scale bar: upper, 100 μm; lower, 50 μ m). (C) Some Gpnmb-positive cells show phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (scale bar: left side, 100 μm; right side, 50 μm). (D) Phagocytic activity of CD68-positive cells is significantly higher than that of CD11b-positive cells. Additionally, in CD68-positive cells, phagocytic activity of Gpnmb-positive cells is significantly increased compared with that in Gpnmb-negative cells. Values are mean ± SEM (n = 3). * P < 0.05 (Mann-Whitney U test). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26599547), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Sequential changes in and localization of Gpnmb expression. Gpnmb expression is enhanced in the recovery phase (A) in whole liver as determined by Western blotting and (B) in isolated hepatic macrophages as determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (n = 5 at each day). (C) Moreover, Gpnmb expression is observed immunohistochemically around injured lesions in a pattern similar to that in F4/80-positive macrophages, and Gpnmb-positive cells exhibit partial phagocytosis. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26599547), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: WB
• Clone: 297310
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Rat
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Concentration: LYOPH

Osteoactivin/GPNMB Antibody (297310) Summary

• Immunogen: Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant mouse Osteoactivin/GPNMB
  Lys23-Asn502
  Accession # NP_444340
• Specificity: Detects mouse Osteoactivin/GPNMB in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, this antibody does not cross-react with recombinant human Osteoactivin.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG2b
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Rat
• Gene: GPNMB
• Purity Statement: Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Western Blot 1 ug/mL

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: LYOPH
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Osteoactivin/GPNMB Antibody (297310)

• DC-HIL
• glycoprotein (transmembrane) nmb
• glycoprotein NMB
• GPNMB
• HGFIN
• HGFINglycoprotein nmb-like protein
• NMBosteoactivin
• Osteoactivin
• Transmembrane glycoprotein HGFIN
• transmembrane glycoprotein NMB

Background

Osteoactivin (also named GPNMB and DC-HIL) is a 125 kDa, intracellular glycoprotein that is associated with cell endosomal/lysosomal compartments (1, 2). Mouse osteoactivin is synthesized as a type I, transmembrane, 574 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 22 aa signal sequence, a 478 aa luminal/extracellular domain, a 23 aa transmembrane segment and a 51 aa cytoplasmic tail. The luminal region contains an N-terminal heparin-binding motif, multiple glycosylation sites, an RGD motif and a 130 aa PKD domain. The intracellular tail also has an RGD motif, plus an ITAM (Y-x-x-I) and lysosomal targeting (L-L) motif. The extracellular/luminal region is 89% and 74% aa identical to the equivalent regions in rat and human, respectively. Cells known to express osteoactivin include osteoblasts, dendritic cells, and melanocytes, plus fetal chondrocytes and stratum basale keratinocytes (2, 3). Osteoactivin is reported to bind to heparan sulfate-proteoglycan, possibly on the surface of fibroblasts and endothelial cells (2). It may also interact with integrins.

1. Bachner, D. et al. (2002) Gene Exp. Patterns 1:159.
2. Shikano, S. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:8125.
3. Owen, T.A. et al. (2003) Crit. Rev. Eukaryot. Gene Expr. 13:205.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: GPNMB
• Uniprot:
  • NP_444340()