Human IL-1ra/IL-1F3 DuoSet ELISA, 15 Plate

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: ELISA
• Conjugate: Biotin

Human IL-1ra/IL-1F3 DuoSet ELISA, 15 Plate Summary

• Source: N/A
• Assay Type: Solid Phase Sandwich ELISA
• Inter-Assay: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Intra-Assay: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Spike Recovery: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Sample Volume: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Gene: IL1RN

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • ELISA
• Application Notes: No significant interference observed with available related molecules.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store the unopened product at 2 - 8 °C. Do not use past expiration date.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Human IL-1ra/IL-1F3 DuoSet ELISA, 15 Plate

• DIRA
• ICIL-1ra
• IL1F3
• IL-1F3
• IL1ra
• IL-1ra
• IL-1ra3
• IL1RN
• IL-1RN
• interleukin 1 receptor antagonist
• IRAP
• MVCD4

Background

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra; also known as IL-1F3) is a 22-25 kDa member of the IL-1 family of cytokines. Currently, there are 11 family members (IL-1F1-F11), nine of which form an IL-1 gene cluster on human Ch2 (1-3). Each IL-1 family member contains an IL-1 fold. This fold is generated by 12 packed beta -sheets that interact to form a beta -trefoil structure. Little amino acid (aa) homology is required to achieve this structure, and this explains the low aa identity among IL-1 family members. IL-1ra is a pure cytokine receptor antagonist that has no signal transduction-initiating activity (4). It is an acute phase protein that exists to dampen inflammation. IL-1( beta ) is initially produced by monocytes in response to a variety of stimuli. Circulating IL-1 then binds to widely expressed IL-1 type I receptors (IL-1 RI) and initiates a number of pro-inflammatory events. On endothelial cells (EC), IL-1 induces PGE2 and IL-6 release, generating fever, thrombocytosis, and hepatic acute phase protein production. In synovial joints, IL-1 induces chondrocyte NO production, an event that leads to reduced collagen synthesis and chondrocyte apoptosis. Finally, IL-1 increases neutrophil counts, both in blood and tissue, and thus is able to promote a pro-inflammatory environment in multiple locations (5-8). IL-1ra blocks IL-1 action through competitive inhibition. More correctly, although IL-1ra fills the IL-1 binding site in IL-1 RI, it is also unable to orchestrate the creation of a signal-transducing IL-1 RI:IL-1 R Accessory protein (IL-1 R AcP) heterodimer complex. Effective IL-1ra concentrations are generally 100-fold greater than local IL-1 concentrations. This is because the IL-1ra half-life is but 6 minutes, and very few IL-1 type I receptors need to be engaged by IL-1 to elicit a cellular response (5, 7, 9). 

Human IL-1ra is synthesized as a 177 aa precursor that contains a 25 aa signal sequence and a 152 aa mature region (10, 11). Although it contains an IL-1 cytokine fold, it apparently lacks two structural motifs that allow for activation of the IL-1 receptor heterodimer. First, and following binding to IL-1 RI, the presence of Ile 51-His 54 and Lys 145 of the mature molecule preclude recruitment of IL-1 R AcP. Second, there is no identifiable C-terminal lectin segment that is hypothesized to help recruit an accessory signaling component (1, 12, 13). Mature human IL-1ra is 77% and 82% aa identical to mouse and canine IL-1ra, respectively, and human IL-1ra inhibits IL-1 activity on mouse cells (10). A number of cell types express IL-1ra, including monocytes (11), Sertoli cells (14), hepatocytes (15), adipocytes (16), synovial fibroblasts (17), mast cells (18), pancreatic beta -cells (19), and intestinal epithelial cells (20). There are at least three intracellular IL-1ra isoforms (icIL-1ra1, 2, and 3). All show N-terminal variation, and all contain amino acids 35-177 of the secreted precursor (21-23). Intracellular IL-1ra1 is of particular interest, because it is reported to be "secreted" by endothelial cells and binds to the IL-1 RI in an antagonist fashion (23-25). Intracellular IL-1ra1 is 159 aa in length and shows a 3 aa substitution for the first 21 aa's of the signal sequence of IL-1ra (21).

Publications for IL-1ra/IL-1F3/IL1RN (DY280)(37)

Publications using DY280

• El-Baz, N;Kyser, A;Mahmoud, MY;Farrell, CZ;Ginocchio, S;Frieboes, HB;Doster, RS; Modulation of group B Streptococcus infection and vaginal cell inflammatory signaling in vitro by Lactobacillus crispatus-loaded electrospun fibers Infection and immunity 2025-08-27 [PMID: 40863109] (Human)
• Ghaffarpour, S;Ghazanfari, T;Ardestani, SK;Naghizadeh, MM;Vaez Mahdavi, MR;Salehi, M;Majd, AMM;Rashidi, A;Chenary, MR;Mostafazadeh, A;Rezaei, A;Khodadadi, A;Iranparast, S;Khazaei, HA; Cytokine profiles dynamics in COVID-19 patients: a longitudinal analysis of disease severity and outcomes Scientific reports 2025-04-23 [PMID: 40269030] (Human)
• Pourfarzam, S;Ardestani, SK;Jamali, T;Ghazanfari, H;Naghizadeh, MM;Faghihzadeh, S;Yaraee, R;Ghazanfari, Z;Ghazanfari, T; Distinct inflammatory profiles in mustard lung: A study of sulfur mustard-exposed patients with serious pulmonary complications International immunopharmacology 2024-12-16 [PMID: 39689604] (Human)
• Snuggs, JW;Senter, RK;Whitt, JP;Jackson, JD;Le Maitre, CL; PCRX-201, a novel IL-1Ra gene therapy treatment approach for low back pain resulting from intervertebral disc degeneration Gene therapy 2024-11-21 [PMID: 39572769] (Human)
• Duijzer, R;Dalloyaux, D;Boerrigter, MM;Lemmers, H;Dijkstra, H;van Emst, L;Te Morsche, RHM;Jaeger, M;Joosten, LAB;Drenth, JPH; Exploring the innate immune response in polycystic liver disease Cytokine 2024-12-01 [PMID: 39541862] (Human)
• Flores-Gomez, D;Hobo, W;van Ens, D;Kessler, EL;Novakovic, B;Schaap, NPM;Rijnen, WHC;Joosten, LAB;Netea, MG;Riksen, NP;Bekkering, S; Interleukin-1? induces trained innate immunity in human hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro Stem cell reports 2024-09-25 [PMID: 39515317] (Human)
• Cab?u, G;Badii, M;Mirea, AM;Gaal, OI;van Emst, L;Popp, RA;Cri?an, TO;Joosten, LAB; Long-Lasting Enhanced Cytokine Responses Following SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination Vaccines 2024-07-03 [PMID: 39066374] (Human)
• Dos Santos, JC;Moreno, M;Teufel, LU;Chilibroste, S;Keating, ST;Groh, L;Domínguez-Andrés, J;Williams, DL;Ma, Z;Lowman, DW;Ensley, HE;Novakovic, B;Ribeiro-Dias, F;Netea, MG;Chabalgoity, JA;Joosten, LAB; Leishmania braziliensis enhances monocyte responses to promote anti-tumor activity Cell reports 2024-03-07 [PMID: 38457336] (Human)
• Gysan, MR;Milacek, C;Bal, C;Zech, A;Brugger, J;Milos, RI;Antoniewicz, L;Idzko, M;Gompelmann, D; Ventilatory support and inflammatory peptides in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: A prospective cohort trial PloS one 2023-11-02 [PMID: 37917760] (Human)
• Jayaprakash Demirel, K;Wu, R;Neves Guimaraes, A;Demirel, I; The role of NLRP3 in regulating gingival epithelial cell responses evoked by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Cytokine 2023-09-01 [PMID: 37541072] (Human)
• Scherr, BF;Reiner, MF;Baumann, F;Höhne, K;Müller, T;Ayata, K;Müller-Quernheim, J;Idzko, M;Zissel, G; Prevention of M2 polarization and temporal limitation of differentiation in monocytes by extracellular ATP BMC immunology 2023-06-23 [PMID: 37353774] (Human)
• Ferreira, AV;Kostidis, S;Groh, LA;Koeken, VACM;Bruno, M;Baydemir, I;Kilic, G;Bulut, Ö;Andriopoulou, T;Spanou, V;Synodinou, KD;Gkavogianni, T;Moorlag, SJCFM;Charlotte de Bree, L;Mourits, VP;Matzaraki, V;Koopman, WJH;van de Veerdonk, FL;Renieris, G;Giera, M;Giamarellos-Bourboulis, EJ;Novakovic, B;Domínguez-Andrés, J; Dimethyl itaconate induces long-term innate immune responses and confers protection against infection Cell reports 2023-06-16 [PMID: 37330914] ( Human)
• V Klück, G Cab?u, L Mies, F Bukkems, L van Emst, R Bakker, A van Caam, HINT conso, TO Cri?an, LAB Joosten TGF-beta is elevated in hyperuricemic individuals and mediates urate-induced hyperinflammatory phenotype in human mononuclear cells Arthritis Research & Therapy, 2023-02-27;25(1):30. 2023-02-27 [PMID: 36850003] (Human)
• LU Teufel, CI van der Ma, V Klück, A Simons, A Hoischen, V Vernimmen, LAB Joosten, RJW Arts Effect of exogenous IL-37 on immune cells from a patient carrying a potential IL37 loss-of-function variant: A case study Cytokine, 2022-12-05;162(0):156102. 2022-12-05 [PMID: 36476991] (Human)
• FE Rossi, AJ Maldonado, JM Cholewa, SLG Ribeiro, CA de Araújo, C Figueiredo, T Reichel, K Krüger, FS Lira, LG Minuzzi Exercise training-induced changes in immunometabolic markers in youth badminton athletes Scientific Reports, 2022-09-15;12(1):15539. 2022-09-15 [PMID: 36109571] (Human)
• C Aussel, E Busson, H Vantomme, J Peltzer, C Martinaud Quality assessment of a serum and xenofree medium for the expansion of human GMP-grade mesenchymal stromal cells PeerJ, 2022-05-30;10(0):e13391. 2022-05-30 [PMID: 35663525] (Human)
• J Villar, R Herrán-Mon, E González-H, M Prieto-Gon, A Ambrós, A Rodríguez-, A Muriel-Bom, R Solano, C Cuenca-Rub, A Vidal, C Flores, JM González-M, MI García-Lao, Genetics o Clinical and biological markers for predicting ARDS and outcome in septic patients Scientific Reports, 2021-11-22;11(1):22702. 2021-11-22 [PMID: 34811434] (Human)
• SC Lean, RL Jones, SA Roberts, AEP Heazell A prospective cohort study providing insights for markers of adverse pregnancy outcome in older mothers BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021-10-20;21(1):706. 2021-10-20 [PMID: 34670515] (Human)
• MAR Brandao-Ra, R Moraes-Fer, MC Oliveira-J, A Santos-Dia, ALL Bachi, G Gabriela-P, S de Oliveir, AC Araújo-Ros, LVF Oliveira, CR Frison, WL do Prado, RP Raju, PB Balagopal, RP Vieira Pulmonary function changes in older adults with and without metabolic syndrome Scientific Reports, 2021-08-30;11(1):17337. 2021-08-30 [PMID: 34462482] (Human)
• R Björkenhei, E Jämsen, E Eriksson, P Uppstu, L Aalto-Setä, L Hupa, KK Eklund, M Ainola, NC Lindfors, J Pajarinen Sintered S53P4 bioactive glass scaffolds have anti-inflammatory properties and stimulate osteogenesis in vitro European cells & materials, 2021-01-03;41(0):15-30. 2021-01-03 [PMID: 33389745] (Human)
• I Patlan, MP Jeffrey, D Lewis, J Green-John, S Dogra Salivary IL-8 and IL-1RA changes induced by exercise in cold-dry and normal conditions Cytokine, 2020-10-28;137(0):155347. 2020-10-28 [PMID: 33128925] (Human)
• GJ Britton, A Chen-Liaw, F Cossarini, AE Livanos, MP Spindler, T Plitt, J Eggers, I Mogno, A Gonzalez-R, S Siu, M Tankelevic, L Grinspan, RE Dixon, D Jha, G Martinez-D, F Amanat, DA Hoagland, B tenOever, MC Dubinsky, M Merad, H van Bakel, F Krammer, G Bongers, S Mehandru, JJ Faith SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and limited inflammatory cytokines are present in the stool of select patients with acute COVID-19 medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2020-12-09;0(0):. 2020-12-09 [PMID: 32909002] (Human)
• E Kuca-Warna, U Skalska, I Janicka, U Musia?owic, K Bonek, P G?uszko, P Szcz?sny, M Olesi?ska, E Kontny The Phenotype and Secretory Activity of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ASCs) of Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Cells, 2019-12-17;8(12):. 2019-12-17 [PMID: 31861245] (Human)
• NE Powers, B Swartzwelt, C Marchetti, DM de Graaf, A Lerchner, M Schlapschy, R Datar, U Binder, CK Edwards, A Skerra, CA Dinarello PASylation of IL-1 Receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) retains IL-1 blockade and extends its duration in mouse urate crystal-induced peritonitis J. Biol. Chem., 2019-12-09;0(0):. 2019-12-09 [PMID: 31819009] (Human)
• A Lindblad, K Persson, I Demirel IL-1RA is part of the inflammasome-regulated immune response in bladder epithelial cells and influences colonization of uropathogenic E. coli Cytokine, 2019-07-09;123(0):154772. 2019-07-09 [PMID: 31299415] (Human)
• T Tyagi, M Alarab, Y Leong, S Lye, O Shynlova Local oestrogen therapy modulates extracellular matrix and immune response in the vaginal tissue of post-menopausal women with severe pelvic organ prolapse J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2019-02-17;0(0):. 2019-02-17 [PMID: 30772947] (Human)
• LM Scott, AH Bryant, A Rees, B Down, RH Jones, CA Thornton Production and regulation of interleukin-1 family cytokines at the materno-fetal interface Cytokine, 2017-07-13;0(0):. 2017-07-13 [PMID: 28712670] (Human)
• Damien Dietrich Interleukin-36 potently stimulates human M2 macrophages, Langerhans cells and keratinocytes to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines Cytokine, 2016-05-31;84(0):88-98. 2016-05-31 [PMID: 27259168] (Human)
• Schupp J, Binder H, Jager B, Cillis G, Zissel G, Muller-Quernheim J, Prasse A Macrophage activation in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. PLoS ONE, 2015-01-15;10(1):e0116775. 2015-01-15 [PMID: 25590613] (Human)
• Greenlee-Wacker M, Rigby K, Kobayashi S, Porter A, DeLeo F, Nauseef W Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by human neutrophils prevents macrophage efferocytosis and induces programmed necrosis. J Immunol, 2014-04-11;192(10):4709-17. 2014-04-11 [PMID: 24729616] (Human)
• Haddad L, Sirois M Angiopoietin-1 upregulates de novo expression of IL-1beta and Il1-Ra, and the exclusive release of Il1-Ra from human neutrophils. PLoS ONE, 2014-02-12;9(2):e88980. 2014-02-12 [PMID: 24563688] (Human)
• Uciechowski P, Oellig E, Mariani E, Malavolta M, Mocchegiani E, Rink L Effects of human Toll-like receptor 1 polymorphisms on ageing. Immun Ageing, 2013-02-07;10(1):4. 2013-02-07 [PMID: 23391127] (Human)
• Suh HS, Choi N, Tarassishin L, Lee SC Regulation of progranulin expression in human microglia and proteolysis of progranulin by matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12). PLoS ONE, 2012-04-11;7(4):e35115. 2012-04-11 [PMID: 22509390] (Human)
• Chakravarti A, Rusu D, Flamand N, Borgeat P, Poubelle PE Reprogramming of a subpopulation of human blood neutrophils by prolonged exposure to cytokines. Lab. Invest., 2009-07-27;89(10):1084-99. 2009-07-27 [PMID: 19636293] (Human)
• Janes KA, Gaudet S, Albeck JG, Nielsen UB, Lauffenburger DA, Sorger PK The response of human epithelial cells to TNF involves an inducible autocrine cascade. Cell, 2006-03-24;124(6):1225-39. 2006-03-24 [PMID: 16564013] (Human)
• Palmer G, Trolliet S, Talabot-Ayer D, Mezin F, Magne D, Gabay C Pre-interleukin-1alpha expression reduces cell growth and increases interleukin-6 production in SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cells: Differential inhibitory effect of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (icIL-1Ra1). Cytokine, 2005-07-21;31(2):153-60. 2005-07-21 [PMID: 15923123] (Human)
• Palmer G, Talabot-Ayer D, Szalay-Quinodoz I, Maret M, Arend WP, Gabay C Mice transgenic for intracellular interleukin-1 receptor antagonist type 1 are protected from collagen-induced arthritis. Eur. J. Immunol., 2003-02-01;33(2):434-40. 2003-02-01 [PMID: 12645941] (Human)

FAQs for IL-1ra/IL-1F3/IL1RN (DY280). (Showing 1 - 1 of 1 FAQs).

1. What is the difference between the Quantikine and Duoset ELISA kits?
   • Our Quantikine kits are fully optimized and validated for the sample types listed on the product specific webpage and datasheet, as this can vary between kits. Each kit is supplied ready to use with one pre-coated 96-well plate, a detection antibody directly conjugated to HRP, and all other necessary reagents. These kits are ideal for researchers who want the convenience of a ready to use and optimized ELISA product. Some of these kits are also available prepackaged in larger 6 and 50 plate sizes.Our DuoSet Kits, in contrast, are ELISA development kits containing the capture and detection antibody, the mass-value calibrated standard, and streptavidin-HRP to prepare approximately 5 or 15 plates. Ancillary reagents will need to be used/purchased, and for most kits, we will recommend one of our Ancillary Reagent Kits, which contain the reagents we use ourselves in-house. DuoSet kits are validated only for cell culture supernatant samples and therefore require further development and validation for accurate measurement in more complex samples such as serum and plasma. Our DuoSet Kits offer an economical, flexible alternative for the experienced ELISA user.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: IL1RN