Lipid and Metabolism

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are cells derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst, an early-stage embryo. ES cells are distinguished from other cells due to their pluripotency, which is the ability to differentiate into any different type of cell in the body, and also their capability of propagating indefinitely. These two factors make embryonic stem cells valuable tools in the scientific community, especially in regenerative medicine.

We at Novus Biologicals place a lot of emphasis on the kinase signaling pathways. Kinases, or phosphotransferase enzymes play a key role in phosphorylation signaling. Over 500 human protein kinases have so far been discovered. They play essential roles in glucose metabolism, apoptosis, lipid transport, cell migration, cellular differentiation and other cellular functions.

Obesity, diabetes and metabolic disorders are dramatically on the increase, linked to disorders such as heart disease, stroke and cancer. To combat this, research groups are studying metabolism at both a cellular and a systemic level.

The high prevalence of atherosclerosis in developed nations is not breaking news; it has been well established that heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, and it presents a major socioeconomic burden.

Adiponectin (also called ADIPOQ) is a cytokine expressed exclusively in adipose tissue. It has a number of functions, regulating lipid metabolism, gluconeogenesis and the inflammatory response. Adiponectin antibody products are widely used in diabetes, obesity and lipid metabolism research. Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes are linked to an increased risk of breast cancer in women.

Adiponectin is an adipocytokine protein that positively regulates metabolism of lipids and glucose by suppressing glucose production from the liver, stimulating insulin sensitivity, and increasing the rate of fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake. Insulin resistance, obesity and dyslipidemia (abnormal blood lipid levels) are all linked to Adiponectin deficiency. The Adiponectin antibody is also used in Type 2 Diabetes research.

There are three human isoforms of the AKT gene, which plays a key role in several signalling pathways.

The ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter-A1) gene encodes a transmembrane protein, which plays a major role in phospholipid homeostasis by regulating cholesterol efflux from the cell. ABCA1 antibody studies have shown ABCA1 expression is up/down regulated by the transcription factors LXR and SREBP2 respectively.

The ATP Binding Cassette Transporter (ABCA1) gene encodes the cholesterol regulatory efflux protein, which plays a key role in lipid metabolism. ABCA1 antibody products are an important part of any antibody catalog covering atherosclerosis disease research.

We at Novus Biologicals are one of the leading antibody suppliers for diabetes research. An aging population, and the increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes, makes it an area of increasing interest - especially as there is often a close link to cancer. Metabolic studies and diabetes research go hand-in-hand.