Recombinant Mouse Serum Amyloid A1 Protein, CF

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Mouse Serum Amyloid A1 Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its ability to induce TNF-alpha secretion by J774A.1 mouse reticulum cell sarcoma macrophage cells.

  The ED₅₀ for this effect is 1.5-7.5 μg/mL.

• Source: E. coli-derived mouse Serum Amyloid A1 protein
  Gly20-Tyr122
• Accession #: P05366
• N-terminal Sequence: Gly20
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: Saa1
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 11.8 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 11 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Tris-HCl, NaCl, PEG and Imidazole.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Mouse Serum Amyloid A1 Protein, CF

• MGC111216
• PIG4
• SAA
• SAA1
• SAA2
• serum amyloid A protein
• Serum Amyloid A1
• TP53I4
• tumor protein p53 inducible protein 4

Background

Mouse Serum Amyloid A protein‑1 (SAA1; previously SAA2 in mouse) is a multifunctional apolipoprotein produced by hepatocytes in response to pro‑inflammatory cytokines (1 ‑ 4). It is secreted as a 12 kDa, 103 amino acid (aa), nonglycosylated protein and circulates as part of the HDL complex (1 ‑ 4). The SAA1 gene is one of five SAA genes in mouse (3). Mature mouse SAA1 shares 72%, 72% and 67% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with human, rabbit and equine SAA1, respectively. SAA1 and SAA2 share 113 of their 122 amino acids and are termed A‑SAA (acute phase SAA) (2, 3). SAA1 is produced in the liver in both human and mouse (3, 4). SAA1 is prominently produced in human adipose tissue, but is absent in mouse adipose, which instead expresses adipose SAA3 (a pseudogene in humans) (5). In mouse, however, circulating SAA1 is elevated by insulin resistance (6). A‑SAA can increase by as much as 1000‑fold during inflammation (3). When highly expressed, A‑SAA can displace ApoA1 as the major apolipoprotein in HDL complexes, weakening its role as a reverse (lipid clearing) cholesterol transporter (4). A highly charged region of SAA1 and 2 (aa 36 ‑ 68) contains putative fibronectin and laminin binding motifs (3). This region also binds heparan sulfate proteoglycans at mildly acidic pH and promotes aggregation of A‑SAA; however, pathogenic amyloid fibrils contain fragments of mouse SAA2, not SAA1 (3, 7, 8). Mouse strains can differ in SAA sequence, expression, and amyloid formation (1, 8 ‑ 10). SAA1 is a ligand for CD36/SR‑B3, SR‑B1, FPRL1, TLR2, and RAGE on monocytes/macrophages, inducing chemotaxis and generation of cytokines and tissue factor (12 ‑ 14). SAA1 can bind the surface of invading gram‑negative bacteria, acting as an opsonin to aid clearance by macrophages (11). SAA1 also binds platelets, probably by engaging fibrinogen on the platelet surface (15).

1. Lowell, C.A. et al. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261:8442.
2. Yamamoto, K-I. and S. Migita (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:2915.
3. Uhlar, C.M. and A.S. Whitehead (1999) Eur. J. Biochem. 265:501.
4. van der Westhuyzen, D.R. et al. (2007) Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 18:147.
5. Yang, R-Z. et al. (2006) PLoS Med. 3:e287.
6. Scheja, L. et al. (2008) Exp. Diabetes Res. 2008:230837.
7. Elimova, E. et al. (2009) FASEB J. 23:3436.
8. Yu, J. et al. (2000) Lab. Invest. 80:1797.
9. Thorn, C.F. and A.S. Whitehead (2002) Amyloid 9:229.
10. deBeer, M.C. et al. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268:20606.
11. Shah, C. et al. (2006) Blood 108:1751.
12. He, R.L. et al. (2009) Blood 113:429.
13. Cai, H. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 178:1852.
14. Baranova, I.N. et al. (2010) J. Biol. Chem. 285:8492.
15. Urieli-Shoval, S. et al. (2002) Blood 99:1224.

Publications for Serum Amyloid A1 (2948-SA)(5)

Publications using 2948-SA

• Wang, X;Xie, Z;Yuan, J;Jin, E;Lian, W;Chang, S;Sun, G;Feng, Z;Xu, H;Du, C;Yang, X;Xia, A;Qiu, J;Zhang, Q;Lin, F;Liu, J;Li, L;Du, X;Xiao, Z;Yi, Z;Luo, Z;Ge, C;Li, R;Zheng, M;Jiang, Y;Wang, T;Zhang, J;Guo, Q;Geng, M; Sodium oligomannate disrupts the adherence of Ribhigh bacteria to gut epithelia to block SAA-triggered Th1 inflammation in 5XFAD transgenic mice Cell discovery 2024-11-19 [PMID: 39557828] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Wu, L;Yan, J;Bai, Y;Chen, F;Zou, X;Xu, J;Huang, A;Hou, L;Zhong, Y;Jing, Z;Yu, Q;Zhou, X;Jiang, Z;Wang, C;Cheng, M;Ji, Y;Hou, Y;Luo, R;Li, Q;Wu, L;Cheng, J;Wang, P;Guo, D;Huang, W;Lei, J;Liu, S;Yan, Y;Chen, Y;Liao, S;Li, Y;Sun, H;Yao, N;Zhang, X;Zhang, S;Chen, X;Yu, Y;Li, Y;Liu, F;Wang, Z;Zhou, S;Yang, H;Yang, S;Xu, X;Liu, L;Gao, Q;Tang, Z;Wang, X;Wang, J;Fan, J;Liu, S;Yang, X;Chen, A;Zhou, J; An invasive zone in human liver cancer identified by Stereo-seq promotes hepatocyte-tumor cell crosstalk, local immunosuppression and tumor progression Cell research 2023-06-19 [PMID: 37337030] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• V Farré-Alin, A Palomino-A, P Narros-Fer, AB Lopez-Rodr, C Decouty-Pe, A Muñoz-Mont, J Zamorano-F, B Mansilla-F, J Giner-Garc, P García-Fei, M Sáez-Alegr, AJ Palpán-Flo, JM Roda-Frade, CS Carabias, JM Rosa, B Civantos-M, S Yus-Teruel, L Gandía, A Lagares, BJ Hernández-, J Egea Serum Amyloid A1/Toll-Like Receptor-4 Axis, an Important Link between Inflammation and Outcome of TBI Patients Biomedicines, 2021-05-25;9(6):. 2021-05-25 [PMID: 34070533] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• EJ Burgess, LR Hoyt, MJ Randall, MM Mank, JJ Bivona, PL Eisenhauer, JW Botten, BA Ballif, YW Lam, MJ Wargo, JE Boyson, JL Ather, ME Poynter Bacterial Lipoproteins Constitute the TLR2-Stimulating Activity of Serum Amyloid A J. Immunol., 2018-08-29;0(0):. 2018-08-29 [PMID: 30158125] (Bioassay, Human)
• P Shridas, MC De Beer, NR Webb High-density lipoprotein inhibits serum amyloid A-mediated reactive-oxygen species generation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation J. Biol. Chem., 2018-07-05;0(0):. 2018-07-05 [PMID: 29976759] (Bioassay, Mouse)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: Saa1
• Uniprot:
  • P05366()