Recombinant Mouse IL-36 alpha/IL-1F6 (aa 8-160) Protein

Recombinant Mouse IL-36 alpha /IL-1F6 (aa 8‑160) (Catalog # 7059‑ML) induces IL‑6 secretion in the NIH‑3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line. The ED50 for this effect is 3-18 ng/mL.

1 μg/lane of Recombinant Mouse IL‑36 alpha /IL‑1F6 (aa 8-160) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 17 kDa.

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: Bioactivity

Recombinant Mouse IL-36 alpha/IL-1F6 (aa 8-160) Protein Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its ability to induce IL-6 secretion by NIH‑3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. Towne, J.E. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:13677. The ED₅₀ for this effect is typically 3-18 ng/mL.
• Source: E. coli-derived mouse IL-36 alpha/IL-1F6 protein
  Arg8-His160
• Accession #: Q9JLA2
• N-terminal Sequence: Arg8
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: IL36A
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 17 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 16.5 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in MOPS, NaCl, TCEP and EDTA with BSA as a carrier protein.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Mouse IL-36 alpha/IL-1F6 (aa 8-160) Protein

• FIL1 epsilon
• FIL1
• FIL1(EPSILON)
• FIL1E
• IL-1 epsilon
• IL1(EPSILON)
• IL1E
• IL-1E
• IL-1F6 (FIL-1-epsilon)
• IL1F6
• IL-1F6
• IL36 alpha
• IL-36 alpha
• IL36A
• interleukin 1 family, member 6 (epsilon)
• interleukin 1, epsilon
• Interleukin 36, Alpha
• Interleukin-1 epsilon
• interleukin-1 family member 6
• Interleukin-36 Alpha

Background

IL‑36 alpha , previously called IL‑1F6 and FIL1 epsilon  (family of IL‑1 member epsilon), is a member of the IL‑1 family which includes IL‑1 beta , IL‑1 alpha , IL‑1ra, IL‑18, and novel family members IL‑36 Ra (IL‑1F5), IL‑36 beta (IL‑1F8), IL‑36 gamma (IL‑1F9), IL‑37 (IL‑1F7) and IL‑1F10 (14). All family members show a 12  beta ‑strand, beta ‑trefoil configuration, and are believed to have arisen from a common ancestral gene (1, 2). IL‑36 alpha is an 18‑22 kDa, 160 amino acid (aa) intracellular and secreted protein that contains no signal sequence, no prosegment and no potential N‑linked glycosylation sites (1‑3). It can be externalized non‑specifically in response to LPS and ATP‑induced activation of the P2X7 receptor (5). Full‑length recombinant IL‑36 alpha is less active than endogenous IL‑36 alpha , but trimming of the N‑termini enhances its activity (6). Mouse IL‑36 alpha (aa 8‑160) shares 83% aa sequence identity with rat IL‑36 alpha , 54‑60% with human, rabbit, equine and bovine IL‑36 alpha , and 27‑57% aa sequence identity with other novel IL‑1 family members. IL‑36 alpha is mainly found in skin and lymphoid tissues, but also in fetal brain, trachea, stomach and intestine (1, 3, 7). It is expressed by monocytes, B and T cells (1, 2).  The receptor for IL‑36 alpha is a combination of IL‑1 Rrp2 (also called IL‑1 RL2 or IL‑1 R6), mainly found in epithelia and keratinocytes, and the widely expressed IL‑1 RAcP (3, 6, 7). IL‑36 alpha , beta and gamma all activate NF‑ kappa B and MAPK pathways in an IL‑1 Rrp2 dependent manner, and induce production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as CXCL8/IL‑8 (7). IL‑36 alpha and other family members are overexpressed in psoriatic skin lesions, and transgenic overexpression of IL‑36 alpha in skin keratinocytes produces epidermal hyperplasia (6‑9). IL‑36 alpha is present in kidney tubule epithelia; it is highly overexpressed in tubulointerstitial lesions in mouse models of chronic glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis and diabetic nephritis (10). IL‑36 alpha is induced by inflammation in adipose tissue‑resident alternately activated (M2) macrophages, and reduces adipocyte differentiation (11).

1. Smith, D.E. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:1169.
2. Dunn, E. et al. (2001) Trends Immunol. 22:533.
3. Barksby, H.E. et al. (2007) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 149:217.
4. Dinarello, C. et al. (2010) Nat. Immunol. 11:973.
5. Martin, U. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 183:4021.
6. Blumberg, H. et al. (2007) J. Exp. Med. 204:2603.
7. Towne, J.E. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:13677.
8. Blumberg, H. et al. (2010) J. Immunol. 185:4354.
9. Johnston, A. et al. (2011) J. Immunol. 186:2613.
10. Ichii, O. et al. (2010) Lab. Invest. 90:459.
11. van Asseldonk, E.J.P. et al. (2010) Obesity 18:2234.

Publications for IL-36 alpha/IL-1F6 (7059-ML)(4)

Publications using 7059-ML

• Abboud, E;Chrayteh, D;Boussetta, N;Dalle, H;Malerba, M;Wu, TD;Le Gall, M;Reelfs, O;Pourzand, C;Mellett, M;Assan, F;Bachelez, H;Poupon, J;Aractingi, S;Vaulont, S;Sohier, P;Oules, B;Karim, Z;Peyssonnaux, C; Skin hepcidin initiates psoriasiform skin inflammation via Fe-driven hyperproliferation and neutrophil recruitment Nature communications 2024-08-07 [PMID: 39112467] (In vivo assay, Transgenic Mouse)
• A Müller, A Dickmanns, C Resch, K Schäkel, S Hailfinger, M Dobbelstei, K Schulze-Os, D Kramer The CDK4/6-EZH2 pathway is a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis J. Clin. Invest., 2020-11-02;0(0):. 2020-11-02 [PMID: 32701505] (Cell Culture, In Vivo, Human, Mouse)
• Autocrine and Paracrine Regulation of Keratinocyte Proliferation through a Novel Nrf2-IL-36? Pathway J Immunol, 2016-04-25;196(11):4663-70. 2016-04-25 [PMID: 27183581] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Milora K, Fu H, Dubaz O, Jensen L Unprocessed Interleukin-36alpha Regulates Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation in Cooperation With Interleukin-1. J Invest Dermatol, 2015-07-23;135(12):2992-3000. 2015-07-23 [PMID: 26203636] (Bioassay, Mouse)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: IL36A
• Uniprot:
  • Q9JLA2()