Recombinant Mouse Follistatin-like 1 Protein, CF

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Mouse Follistatin-like 1 Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Mouse Follistatin‑like 1/FSTL1 is coated at 5 μg/mL (100 μL/well), the concentration of Recombinant Mouse BMP‑4 (Catalog # 5020-BP) that produces 50% of the optimal binding response is approximately 30-150 ng/mL.
• Source: Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived mouse Follistatin-like 1/FSTL1 protein
  Glu19-Ile306, with a C-terminal Asp-Ile and 6-His tag
• Accession #: Q62356
• N-terminal Sequence: Glu19
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: Fstl1
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 33.5 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 43-50 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 500 μg/mL in PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Mouse Follistatin-like 1 Protein, CF

• Flik
• FLJ50214
• Follistatin-like 1
• Follistatin-like protein 1
• follistatin-related protein 1
• Follistatin-related Protein
• FRP
• FRPFLJ52277
• FSL1
• FSTL1
• TSC-36

Background

Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1 or FSL1), also known as FRP (follistatin-related protein), Flik (follistatin-like), and TSC-36 (TGF-beta 1-stimulated clone 36), is a secreted 45‑55 kDa extracellular glycoprotein belonging to the BM-40/SPARC/Osteonectin family (1-3). The mouse FSTL1 cDNA encodes 306 amino acids (aa), including an 18 aa signal sequence, a cysteine-rich Follistatin (EGF- and kazal-like) domain, two apparently nonfunctional EF-hand calcium-binding motifs, and a von Willebrand Factor C homology domain (1, 3). Mature mouse FSTL1 shares 94%, 96%, 94%, 93% and 93% aa identity with human, rat, equine, bovine and canine FSTL1, respectively. FSTL1 was first identified as a TGF-beta -induced protein from a mouse osteoblast cell line (4). It is ubiquitously expressed in early mouse development, but is mainly mesenchymal later in development (5). In vitro, FSTL1 interacts directly with BMP-4, while in vivo, it regulates BMP-4 signaling during normal lung development, as demonstrated by lethal respiratory failure in mice deleted for FSTL1 (6). In humans, FSTL1 is a common rheumatoid arthritis autoantigen (2). It is reported to be either proinflammatory due to promoting inflammatory cytokine secretion, or to prevent autoimmune arthritis by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and prostaglandin expression (7-10). In muscle and heart, it appears to be protective and promotes endothelial cell functions such as revascularization after ischemia, probably due to promoting expression and activation of the protein kinase AKT1 (11, 12). Cardiac and circulating FSTL1 is generally increased in conditions such as heart failure and acute coronary syndrome (12-14). FSTL1 also appears to be a tumor suppressor, showing down‑regulated expression in many human cancers (4, 15, 16). In vitro, it slows proliferation and MMP-dependent migration, and increases FAS-dependent apoptosis of tumor cell lines (15).

1. Zwijsen, A. et al. (1994) Eur. J. Biochem. 225:937.
2. Tanaka, M. et al. (1998) Int. Immunol. 10:1305.
3. Hambrook, H.O. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:11727.
4. Shibanuma, M. et al. (1993) Eur. J. Biochem. 217:13.
5. Adams, D. et al. (2007) Gene Expr. Patterns 7:491.
6. Geng, Y et al. (2011) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108:7058.
7. Clutter, S.D. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 182:234.
8. Miyamae, T. et al. (2006) J. Immunol. 177:4758.
9. Kawabata, D. et al. (2004) Arthritis Rheum. 50:660.
10. Tanaka, M. et al. (2003) Int. Immunol. 15:71.
11. Ouchi, N. et al. (2008) J. Biol. Chem. 283:32802.
12. Oshima, Y. et al. (2008) Circulation 117:3099.
13. Lara-Pezzi, E. et al. (2008) Endocrinology 149:5822.
14. Widera, C. et al. (2009) Clin. Chem. 55:1794.
15. Chan, Q.K. et al. (2009) Carcinogenesis 30:114.
16. Mashimo, J. et al. (1997) Cancer Lett. 113:213.

Publications for Follistatin-like 1/FSTL1 (1738-FN)(7)

Publications using 1738-FN

• Li, B;Rodrigo-Torres, D;Pelz, C;Innes, B;Canaday, P;Chai, S;Zandstra, P;Bader, GD;Grompe, M; Cell networks in the mouse liver during partial hepatectomy bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2023-07-18 [PMID: 37503083] (Cell Culture, Mouse)
• Andries, L;Kancheva, D;Masin, L;Scheyltjens, I;Van Hove, H;De Vlaminck, K;Bergmans, S;Claes, M;De Groef, L;Moons, L;Movahedi, K; Immune stimulation recruits a subset of pro-regenerative macrophages to the retina that promotes axonal regrowth of injured neurons Acta neuropathologica communications 2023-05-24 [PMID: 37226256] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• Y Zhang, Y Wang, G Zheng, Y Liu, J Li, H Huang, C Xu, Y Zeng, X Zhang, J Qin, C Dai, HO Hambrock, U Hartmann, B Feng, KK Mak, Y Liu, HY Lan, Y Huang, ZH Zheng, Y Xia Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) interacts with Wnt ligands and Frizzled receptors to enhance Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in obstructed kidneys in vivo The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2022-05-04;0(0):102010. 2022-05-04 [PMID: 35525270] (Cell Culture, Mouse)
• D Fang, X Shi, X Jia, C Yang, L Wang, B Du, T Lu, L Shan, Y Gao Ups and downs: the PPARgamma/p-PPARgamma seesaw of follistatin-like 1 and integrin receptor signaling in adipogenesis Molecular Metabolism, 2021-11-20;0(0):101400. 2021-11-20 [PMID: 34813964] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• V Prieto-Ech, S Lodh, L Colman, N Bobba, L Santos, N Katsanis, C Escande, NA Zaghloul, JL Badano BBS4 regulates the expression and secretion of FSTL1, a protein that participates in ciliogenesis and the differentiation of 3T3-L1 Sci Rep, 2017-08-29;7(1):9765. 2017-08-29 [PMID: 28852127] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• JS Lim, A Ibaseta, MM Fischer, B Cancilla, G O'Young, S Cristea, VC Luca, D Yang, NS Jahchan, C Hamard, M Antoine, M Wislez, C Kong, J Cain, YW Liu, AM Kapoun, KC Garcia, T Hoey, CL Murriel, J Sage Intratumoural heterogeneity generated by Notch signalling promotes small-cell lung cancer Nature, 2017-05-10;545(7654):360-364. 2017-05-10 [PMID: 28489825] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Fan N, Sun H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang L, Xia Z, Peng L, Hou Y, Shen W, Liu R, Yin J, Peng Y Follistatin-like 1: a potential mediator of inflammation in obesity. Mediators Inflamm, 2013-11-21;2013(0):752519. 2013-11-21 [PMID: 24347831] (Bioassay, Human, Mouse)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: Fstl1
• Uniprot:
  • Q62356()