Recombinant Mouse IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 (aa 13-164) Protein

Recombinant Mouse IL-36 gamma /IL-1F9 (aa 13‑164) (Catalog # 6996-IL) induces IL-6 secretion in the NIH‑3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line. The ED50 for this effect is 3-18 ng/mL.

1 µg/lane of Recombinant Mouse IL‑36 gamma /IL‑1F9 (aa 13-164) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 17 kDa.

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: Bioactivity

Recombinant Mouse IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 (aa 13-164) Protein Summary

• Preparation Method: Lyophilized from a 0.2 um filtered solution in MOPS, NaCl, TCEP and EDTA with BSA as a carrier protein.
• Details of Functionality: Measured by its ability to induce IL-6 secretion by NIH‑3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. Towne, J.E. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:13677. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 3-18 ng/mL.
• Source: E. coli-derived mouse IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 protein
  Gly13-Ser164
• Accession #: Q8R460
• N-terminal Sequence: Gly13
• Structure / Form: Monomer
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: IL36G
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 17.3 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 17 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in MES, NaCl, TCEP, EDTA, CHAPS and PEG 8000 with BSA as a carrier protein.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Mouse IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 (aa 13-164) Protein

• IL-1 epsilon
• IL-1 H1
• IL-1 Related Protein 2
• IL-1(EPSILON)
• IL1E
• IL-1-epsilon
• IL1F9
• IL-1F9
• IL1H1
• IL-1H1
• IL-1-Related Protein 2
• IL1RP2
• IL-1rp2
• IL36 gamma
• IL-36 gamma
• IL36G
• interleukin 1 family, member 9
• interleukin 1-related protein 2
• Interleukin 36, Gamma
• Interleukin-1 epsilon
• interleukin-1 family member 9
• Interleukin-1 homolog 1
• Interleukin-36 Gamma

Background

IL-36 gamma [previously called IL-1F9, IL-1 epsilon (epsilon), and IL-1H1] is a member of the IL-1 family which includes IL‑1 beta , IL‑1 alpha , IL‑1ra, IL‑18, IL‑36 Ra (IL‑1F5), IL-36 alpha (IL‑1F6), IL‑36 beta (IL‑1F8), IL‑37 (IL‑1F7) and IL-1F10 (1-5). All family members show a 12  beta -strand, beta ‑trefoil configuration, and are believed to have arisen from a common ancestral gene (2, 3). Mouse IL‑36 gamma is an 18-22 kDa, 164 amino acid (aa) intracellular and secreted protein that contains no signal sequence, no prosegment and no potential N‑linked glycosylation sites (1, 2, 4, 6, 7). Mouse IL‑36 gamma (aa 13-164) shares 58%, 84%, 64% and 60% aa sequence identity with human, rat, equine and bovine IL‑36 gamma , respectively, and 23-57% aa sequence identity with other family members. A 193 aa mouse isoform with a 29 aa N‑terminal extension has been reported (8). Highest levels of IL‑36 gamma are produced by Langerhans cells, keratinocytes, and stomach Chief cells and parietal cells; these cells contribute to first‑line defense against pathogens in the skin, lungs and digestive tract (2, 3, 6, 9). Its expression is induced by LPS treatment of monocytes, and by IL‑ alpha / beta , IL‑17 or TNF‑ alpha treatment of keratinocytes and bronchial epithelia (1, 6, 7, 9-11). Skin IL-36 gamma expression is increased in contact hypersensitivity and psoriasis (1, 6, 11). It is elevated in inflammatory disorders of the lung (such as asthma) and viral infections. Lung IL‑36 gamma and other IL‑36 proteins contribute to neutrophil influx (4, 7, 10). The receptor for IL-36 gamma is a combination of IL‑1 Rrp2, mainly found in epithelia and keratinocytes, and the widely expressed IL‑1 RAcP (4, 7, 9). IL‑36 alpha , beta and gamma all activate NF‑ kappa B and MAPK pathways in an IL‑1 Rrp2 dependent manner, and IL‑36 gamma induces production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as CXCL8/IL‑8 (7, 9, 10). Full-length recombinant IL-36 proteins appear less active than their endogenous counterparts, but trimming of the N-termini enhances their activity (12).

1. Kumar, S. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:10308.
2. Busfield, S.J. et al. (2000) Genomics 66:213.
3. Dunn, E. et al. (2001) Trends Immunol. 22:533.
4. Barksby, H.E. et al. (2007) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 149:217.
5. Dinarello, C. et al. (2010) Nat. Immunol. 11:973.
6. Debets, R. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 167:1440.
7. Chustz, R.T. et al. (2010) Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 45:145.
8. NCBI Accession # NP_705731.2.
9. Towne, J.E. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:13677.
10. Ramadas, R.A. et al. (2011) Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 44:134.
11. Johnston, A. et al. (2011) J. Immunol. 186:2613.
12. Blumberg, H. et al. (2010) J. Immunol. 185:4354.

Publications for IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 (6996-IL)(8)

Publications using 6996-IL

• Wang, WM;Gao, YM;Zheng, XF;Jin, HZ; IWR-1 attenuates the promotional effect of IL-36? in a mouse model of psoriasis BMC immunology 2024-11-23 [PMID: 39578777] (In vivo assay, Mouse)
• Maarouf, M;Kuczma, M;Denning, TL; IL-36/IL-36R Signaling Promotes CD4+ T Cell-Dependent Colitis via Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Production bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2023-05-24 [PMID: 37292643] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• J El-Awaisi, DP Kavanagh, MR Rink, CJ Weston, NE Drury, N Kalia Targeting IL-36 improves age-related coronary microcirculatory dysfunction and attenuates myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury in mice JCI Insight, 2022-03-08;0(0):. 2022-03-08 [PMID: 35113814] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• M Zhang, J Liu, R Gao, Y Hu, L Lu, C Liu, L Ai, J Pan, L Tian, J Fan Interleukin-36gamma aggravates macrophage foam cell formation and atherosclerosis progression in ApoE knockout mice Cytokine, 2021-07-07;146(0):155630. 2021-07-07 [PMID: 34246054] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• N Gao, R Me, C Dai, B Seyoum, FX Yu Opposing Effects of IL-1Ra and IL-36Ra on Innate Immune Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in C57BL/6 Mouse Corneas J. Immunol., 2018-06-11;0(0):. 2018-06-11 [PMID: 29891552] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• VL Ngo, H Abo, E Maxim, A Harusato, D Geem, O Medina-Con, D Merlin, AT Gewirtz, A Nusrat, TL Denning A cytokine network involving IL-36?, IL-23, and IL-22 promotes antimicrobial defense and recovery from intestinal barrier damage Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2018-05-14;0(0):. 2018-05-14 [PMID: 29760082] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Autocrine and Paracrine Regulation of Keratinocyte Proliferation through a Novel Nrf2-IL-36? Pathway J Immunol, 2016-04-25;196(11):4663-70. 2016-04-25 [PMID: 27183581] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Bozoyan L, Dumas A, Patenaude A, Vallieres L Interleukin-36gamma is expressed by neutrophils and can activate microglia, but has no role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroinflammation, 2015-09-17;12(0):173. 2015-09-17 [PMID: 26377915] (Bioassay, Mouse)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: IL36G
• Uniprot:
  • Q8R460()