Recombinant Human S100A11 Protein, CF

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Human S100A11 Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Human ANXA-2 is immobilized at 0.5 µg/mL (100 µL/well), the concentration of Recombinant Human S100A11 that produces 50% of the optimal binding response is approximately 0.4-2.4 μg/mL.
• Source: E. coli-derived human S100A11 protein
  Ala2-Thr105
• Accession #: P31949
• N-terminal Sequence: Ala2
• Structure / Form: Disulfide-linked homodimer
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: S100A11
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 12 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 9 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS and DTT with Trehalose.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 500 μg/mL in PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human S100A11 Protein, CF

• Calgizzarin
• Metastatic lymph node gene 70 protein
• MLN 70
• MLN70
• protein S100-A11
• Protein S100-C
• S100 calcium binding protein A11
• S100 calcium-binding protein A11 (calgizzarin)
• S100 calcium-binding protein A11
• S100A11
• S100C
• S100CS100 calcium binding protein A11 (calgizzarin)

Background

S100A11, also known as S100C and Calgizzarin, is a 10 kDa member of the S100 family of calcium binding proteins (1-3). Human S100A11 contains two EF hand motifs and shares 82% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat S100A11. It forms covalent homodimers upon transglutamination and also disulfide-linked tetramers (4, 5). S100A11 is secreted by keratinocytes and can be crosslinked into the cornified envelope of the skin (6). Dimerization enhances its ability to signal through RAGE on keratinocytes, induce the production of EGF family proteins, and induce cell proliferation (7). Dimerization also enables S100A11 to bind RAGE on chondrocytes, leading to chondrocyte hypertrophy and catabolism of the cartilage matrix (4). S100A11 is additionally found in the cytosol where it becomes phosphorylated and translocates to the nucleus in response to DNA damage, RELM alpha exposure, or elevated extracellular calcium concentrations (8-10). Calcium also promotes S100A11 association with S100B as well as Annexins A1, A2, and A6 (5, 11-13). S100A11-Annexin A2 complexes are recruited to sites of plasma membrane damage where they facilitate membrane repair in migrating cancer cells (13). S100A11 is upregulated in various cancers and supports tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migration (7, 14). In addition, S100A11 is produced in the ovary, and it acts on cumulus cells to inhibit oocyte fertilization (15).

1. Donato, R. et al. (2013) Curr. Mol. Med. 13:24.
2. Liu, Y. et al. (2015) Br. J. Pharmacol. 172:1664.
3. Tanaka, M. et al. (1995) Cancer Lett. 89:195.
4. Cecil, D.L. and R. Terkeltaub (2008) J. Immunol. 180:8378.
5. Chang, N. et al. (2007) Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 292:C1417.
6. Robinson, N.A. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:12035.
7. Sakaguchi, M. et al. (2007) Mol. Biol. Cell 19:78.
8. Gorsler, T. et al. (2010) BMC Cell Biol. 11:100.
9. Fan, C. et al. (2011) Mol. Cell Proteomics 10:M110.000901.
10. Sakaguchi, M. et al. (2003) J. Cell Biol. 163:825.
11. Deloulme, J.C. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:35302.
12. Mailliard, W.S. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:719.
13. Jaiswal, J.K. et al. (2014) Nat. Commun. 5:3795.
14. Liu, Y. et al. (2015) Exp. Ther. Med. 9:1460.
15. Hanaue, M. et al. (2011) Mol. Reprod. Dev. 78:91.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: S100A11
• Uniprot:
  • P31949()