Recombinant Human CD160 Protein

Product Discontinued

Recombinant Human CD160 Protein Summary

• Description: A recombinant protein with GST tag at N-terminal corresponding to the amino acids 1-181 of Human CD160 full-length ORF
  
  

  Source: Wheat Germ (in vitro)

  Amino Acid Sequence:MLLEPGRGCCALAILLAIVDIQSGGCINITSSASQEGTRLNLICTVWHKKEEAEGFVVFLCKDRSGDCSPETSLKQLRLKRDPGIDGVGEISSQLMFTISQVTPLHSGTYQCCARSQKSGIRLQGHFFSILFTETGNYTVTGLKQRQHLEFSHNEGTLSSGFLQEKVWVMLVTSLVALQAL

• Details of Functionality: This protein was produced in an in vitro wheat germ expression system that should preserve correct conformational folding that is necessary for biological function. While it is possible that this protein could display some level of activity, the functionality of this protein has not been explicitly measured or validated.
• Source: Wheat germ
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Protein
• Gene: CD160
• Purity: >80% by SDS-PAGE and Coomassie blue staining

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • ELISA
  • Immunoaffinity Purification
  • Protein Array
  • Western Blot
• Theoretical MW: 46.2 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at -80C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: 50 mM Tris-HCl, 10 mM reduced Glutathione, pH 8.0 in the elution buffer.
• Purity: >80% by SDS-PAGE and Coomassie blue staining

Notes

This product is produced by and distributed for Abnova, a company based in Taiwan.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human CD160 Protein

• BY55
• BY55FLJ46513
• CD160 antigenimmunoglobulin superfamily member
• CD160 molecule
• CD160
• Natural killer cell receptor BY55
• NK1
• NK28

Background

CD160, also known as BY55 and NK1, belongs to a class of natural killer (NK) receptors known as the major histocompatibility complex (MCH) class I-dependent NK cell activating receptor (1). CD160 exists as either a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored isoform or a transmembrane protein and is expressed on NK cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, as well as endothelial cells (1-3). CD160 has both stimulatory and inhibitory receptor functions and regulates cell differentiation and activation (2). The human CD160 protein is 181 amino acids (aa) in length with a theoretical molecular weight (MW) of 19.8 kDa (2,3). However, given that the CD160 protein is subject to glycosylation, addition of disulfide bonds, lipidation, and propitiation, the observed MW is often much higher (2). The human CD160 protein consists of a single immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain (25-133 aa) and does not contain any immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITSMs) (2). Thus, CD160 requires the recruitment of adaptor proteins such as phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) to promote cytotoxic functions including cytokine secretion (1,3).

Identified ligands for CD160 include MHC class I proteins and herpes virus entry mediators (HVEM), each of which has a different effect on NK or T cells (1,3-5). CD160 binds to MHC class I proteins with weaker affinity, but the interaction causes NK cell cytotoxic function and cytokine production (1,3). CD160 engagement of MHC class I proteins and/or HVEM within NK cells promotes ERK1/2 and AKT activation and production of interferon gamma (IFNgamma) (5). Conversely, CD160 binding of HVEM in CD4+ T cells induces inhibitory signaling, signifying both a stimulatory and inhibitory role for CD160 as well as cell-specific context (4,5). Additionally, CD160 plays a role in diseases including certain types of cancer, such as thyroid cancer and colon cancer, viral infections, and autoimmune diseases (3,5). CD160 expression levels on CD8+ T cells have been shown to be elevated in chronic viral infections such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) (3). In addition, when CD160 is co-expressed with the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor, T cell exhaustion occurs due to persistent stimulation, leading to inhibited immune response and ability to combat infection (3). CD160 may be a promising therapeutic target in cancer as murine studies have demonstrated that blocking the CD160-HVEM pathway causes a regression of neoplastic tumors in a thyroid cancer model (3-5).

References

1. Le Bouteiller P, Tabiasco J, Polgar B, et al. CD160: a unique activating NK cell receptor. Immunol Lett. 2011;138(2):93-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imlet.2011.02.003

2. Uniprotkb (O95971)

3. Piotrowska M, Spodzieja M, Kuncewicz K, Rodziewicz-Motowidlo S, Orlikowska M. CD160 protein as a new therapeutic target in a battle against autoimmune, infectious and lifestyle diseases. Analysis of the structure, interactions and functions. Eur J Med Chem. 2021;224:113694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113694

4. Cai G, Freeman GJ. The CD160, BTLA, LIGHT/HVEM pathway: a bidirectional switch regulating T-cell activation. Immunol Rev. 2009;229(1):244-258. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2009.00783.x

5. Sedy JR, Ramezani-Rad P. HVEM network signaling in cancer. Adv Cancer Res. 2019;142:145-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acr.2019.01.004

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Peptides and proteins are guaranteed for 3 months from date of receipt.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: CD160