Antibodies

C-Myc is a widely expressed transcription factor, regulating cellular differentiation, proliferation, cell cycle progression and pro-apoptotic gene expression. The c-Myc antibody is widely used in cancer research, as a number of human tumors have been attributed to altered c-Myc expression.

The PARP (Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase) protein is a zinc-dependant nuclear enzyme whose main role is to detect and repair DNA single-strand breaks (SSB). However, PARP antibody research has revealed there are at least 17 PARP proteins, which also play a major role in apoptosis (programmed cell death) and post-translational modification. We at Novus Biologicals have an extensive range of PARP antibody products in our antibody catalogu.

Laminin is one of a large number of proteins expressed on the basal laminar of the ECM (extracellular matrix). The laminin antibody database covers several proteins, which interact with integrins and other receptor proteins to support cellular differentiation, morphology, migration, cell survival and the maintenance of tissue phenotypes. Laminin antibody studies have played a key role in research into angiogenesis and tumor development.

CD4 is a member of the cluster of differentiation family of proteins, mainly expressed on the surface of thymocytes and a specific subset of mature T-cells. CD4 antibody studies have also shown it expressed on monocytes, cortical cells, microglial cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. The CD4 antibody is widely used in cell marker studies, CD4 being one of the most common CD markers in use.

One of six actin isoforms so far identified, beta actin is a highly conserved cytoskeletal protein involved in cell structure, motility, and cohesion. We at Novus Biologicals have many different beta-actin products in our catalog, used in areas such as cytoskeleton and signal transduction research. They are also used as loading controls in protein assays. Beta-actin is known as a “housekeeping” protein, i.e.

The glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, or GAPDH enzyme plays an important role in the conversion of glucose for energy, catalyzing the sixth step of the glycolytic pathway. A common and widely expressed protein, GAPDH mRNA is often used as a standard in mRNA studies. GAPDH antibody products are also used as a loading control in Western blot assays. We at Novus Biologicals have 55 GAPDH antibody products on our antibody database.

The ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter-A1) gene encodes a transmembrane protein, which plays a major role in phospholipid homeostasis by regulating cholesterol efflux from the cell. ABCA1 antibody studies have shown ABCA1 expression is up/down regulated by the transcription factors LXR and SREBP2 respectively.

Embryonic stem cells, embryonic germ cells and teratocarcinoma stem cells are fundamental to understanding early embryo development and differentiation. Therefore, antibodies to embryonic cell surface antigens have emerged as powerful tools for characterizing the function and expression of developmentally regulated cells during both embryogenesis and oncogenesis.

Ischemic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the US and most other industrialized countries. Most commonly caused by atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, ischemic cardiovascular disease is characterized by a reduced blood supply to the heart, leading to low oxygen, glucose, and pH levels.

Identified almost two centuries ago, Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that afflicts an estimated 4-6 million worldwide (www.parkinsons.org). The prevalence of Parkinson's disease is expected to grow considerably as the average age of the population in developed countries increases.  Despite the hundreds of millions of dollars devoted annually to Parkinson's research, there is relatively little known about the disease and its treatment.