Species: Hu, Mu, Po
Applications: WB, ICC/IF, IHC, MS
Host: Rabbit Polyclonal
Species: All-Multi
Applications: WB
Host: Mouse Monoclonal
Species: Hu, Mu, Eq
Applications: WB, ELISA, ICC/IF, IHC
Host: Rabbit Polyclonal
Species: Hu, Mu, Rt, Po, Ca
Applications: ELISA
Species: Hu
Applications: ELISA
Species: Mu
Applications: ELISA
Species: Hu
Applications: Bioactivity
Species: Hu
Applications: Bioactivity
Species: Mu
Applications: Bioactivity
Description
TGF‑ beta 1 (transforming growth factor
beta 1) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF‑
beta superfamily that share a characteristic cystine knot structure (1‑7). TGF‑beta
1, 2 and 3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines that are proposed to act
as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function,
proliferation and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (1‑4). Each TGF‑ beta
isoform has some non‑redundant functions; for TGF‑beta 1, mice with targeted
deletion show defects in hematopoiesis and endothelial differentiation, and die
of overwhelming inflammation (2). Human TGF‑beta 1 cDNA encodes a
390 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 29 aa signal peptide
and a 361 aa proprotein (8). A furin-like convertase processes the proprotein
to generate an N‑terminal 249 aa latency‑associated peptide (LAP) and a C‑terminal
112 aa mature TGF‑beta 1 (8, 9). Disulfide-linked homodimers of LAP
and TGF‑beta 1 remain non‑covalently associated after secretion, forming the
small latent TGF‑beta 1 complex (8‑10). Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three
latent TGF‑beta binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large latent complex that
may interact with the extracellular matrix (9, 10). TGF‑beta is activated
from latency by pathways that include actions of the protease plasmin, matrix
metalloproteases, thrombospondin 1 and a subset of integrins (10).
Mature human TGF‑beta 1 shares 100% aa identity with pig, dog and cow TGF‑beta
1, and 99% aa identity with mouse, rat and horse TGF‑beta 1. It
demonstrates cross‑species activity (1). TGF‑beta 1 signaling begins with high‑affinity
binding to a type II ser/thr kinase receptor termed TGF‑beta RII. This
receptor then phosphorylates and activates a second ser/thr kinase receptor,
TGF‑beta RI (also called activin receptor‑like kinase (ALK) ‑5), or
alternatively, ALK‑1. This complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins
that regulate transcription (3, 11, 12). Contributions of the
accessory receptors betaglycan (also known as TGF-beta RIII) and
endoglin, or use of Smad-independent signaling pathways, allow for disparate
actions observed in response to TGF‑beta in different contexts (11).
Bioinformatics
| Uniprot |
|
| Product By Gene ID |
7040 |
| Alternate Names |
- CEDLAP
- DPD1
- latency-associated peptide
- TGF beta
- TGF beta1
- TGFB
- TGFB1
- TGF-beta 1 protein
- TGFbeta 1
- TGF-beta 1
- TGFbeta
- TGF-beta-1
- transforming growth factor beta-1
- transforming growth factor, beta 1
|
![N/A TGF-beta 1 [HRP]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/elisa/db100c_human-tgf-beta-1-quantikine-sixpak-6-plates-98202194716.jpg)
![N/A TGF-beta 1 [HRP]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/elisa/db100c_human-tgf-beta-1-quantikine-sixpak-6-plates-98202194825.jpg)
![N/A TGF-beta 1 [HRP]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/elisa/db100c_human-tgf-beta-1-quantikine-sixpak-6-plates-98202194957.jpg)
![N/A TGF-beta 1 [Biotin]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize2/DATA_TGFbeta_1_DY240_ELISA_2311.jpg)
![N/A TGF-beta 1 [Biotin]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize2/DATA_TGFbeta_1_DY1679_ELISA_1697.jpg)
![Bioactivity TGF-beta 1 [Unconjugated]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/protein/7754-bh_recombinant-human-tgf-beta-1-human-cell-expressed-protein-bioactivity-1811202092840.jpg)
![Bioactivity TGF-beta 1 [Unconjugated]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/240-b_recombinant-human-tgf-beta-1-protein-bioactivity-1442023144939.jpg)
![Bioactivity TGF-beta 1 [Unconjugated]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/protein/7666-mb_recombinant-mouse-tgf-beta-1-protein-bioactivity-161220209402.jpg)