| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NB400-110SS | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NB400-153SS | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NBP1-82572-25ul | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NBP2-37502SS | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NBP2-89182SS | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NBP2-75923SS | |||
| Azide and BSA Free | NBP2-80731 | |||
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: MRP4/ABCC4 Antibody [NB100-1471] - Staining Human Prostate tissue. Antibody at 4 ug/mL. Steamed antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6, HRP-staining.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/MRP4-ABCC4-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NB100-1471-img0005.jpg "Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: MRP4/ABCC4 Antibody [NB100-1471] - Staining Human Prostate tissue. Antibody at 4 ug/mL. Steamed antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6, HRP-staining.")
![Western Blot: ABCG8 Antibody [NB400-110] - Analysis of ABCG8, using NB400-110. Samples: mouse liver microsomes from G5/G8 knockout mice, wildtype human G5/G8, and transgenic human G5/G8.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/ABCG8-Antibody-Western-Blot-NB400-110-img0003.jpg "<b>Genetic Strategies Validation. </b>Western Blot: ABCG8 Antibody [NB400-110] - Analysis of ABCG8, using NB400-110. Samples: mouse liver microsomes from G5/G8 knockout mice, wildtype human G5/G8, and transgenic human G5/G8.")
![Western Blot: FXR/NR1H4 Antibody [NB400-153] - Total protein from human A549, U2OS cell and mouse 3T3 cells was separated on a 7.5% gel by SDS-PAGE, transferred to PVDF membrane and blocked in 5% non-fat milk in TBST. The membrane was probed with 2.0 ug/ml anti-FXR (NB400-153) in block buffer and detected with an anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody using NovaLume chemiluminescence detection reagent (NPB2-61915).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FXR-NR1H4-Antibody-Western-Blot-NB400-153-img0006.jpg "Western Blot: FXR/NR1H4 Antibody [NB400-153] - Total protein from human A549, U2OS cell and mouse 3T3 cells was separated on a 7.5% gel by SDS-PAGE, transferred to PVDF membrane and blocked in 5% non-fat milk in TBST. The membrane was probed with 2.0 ug/ml anti-FXR (NB400-153) in block buffer and detected with an anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody using NovaLume chemiluminescence detection reagent (NPB2-61915).")
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: FXR/NR1H4 Antibody [NB400-153] - A549 cells were fixed for 10 minutes using 10% formalin and then permeabilized for 5 minutes using 1X PBS + 0.5% Triton-X100. The cells were incubated with anti-FXR/NR1H4 at 2 ug/ml overnight at 4C and detected with an anti-rabbit Dylight 488 (Green) at a 1:500 dilution. Alpha tubulin (DM1A) NB100-690 was used as a co-stain at a 1:1000 dilution and detected with an anti-mouse Dylight 550 (Red) at a 1:500 dilution. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (Blue). Cells were imaged using a 40X objective.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FXR-NR1H4-Antibody-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NB400-153-img0005.jpg)
![Western Blot: FXR Antibody [NB400-153] - Detection of FXR in HeLa nuclear extract using NB400-153. ECL 30 minute detection.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FXR-Antibody-Western-Blot-NB400-153-img0002.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: FXR/NR1H4 Antibody [NB400-153] - NIH3T3 cells were fixed for 10 minutes using 10% formalin and then permeabilized for 5 minutes using 1X PBS + 0.5% Triton-X100. The cells were incubated with anti-FXR/NR1H4 at 2 ug/ml overnight at 4C and detected with an anti-rabbit Dylight 488 (Green) at a 1:500 dilution. Alpha tubulin (DM1A) NB100-690 was used as a co-stain at a 1:1000 dilution and detected with an anti-mouse Dylight 550 (Red) at a 1:500 dilution. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (Blue). Cells were imaged using a 40X objective.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FXR-NR1H4-Antibody-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NB400-153-img0004.jpg)
![Western Blot: FABP2/I-FABP Antibody [NB100-59746] - (0.001ug/ml) staining of Human Duodenum (A) and (0.003ug/ml) Ileum (B) lysate (35ug protein in RIPA buffer). Detected by chemiluminescence](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FABP2-I-FABP-Antibody-Western-Blot-NB100-59746-img0012.jpg "Western Blot: FABP2/I-FABP Antibody [NB100-59746] - (0.001ug/ml) staining of Human Duodenum (A) and (0.003ug/ml) Ileum (B) lysate (35ug protein in RIPA buffer). Detected by chemiluminescence")
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: FABP2/I-FABP Antibody [NB100-59746] - (2.5ug/ml) staining of paraffin embedded Human Small Intestine. Steamed antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6, AP-staining.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FABP2-I-FABP-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NB100-59746-img0010.jpg)
![Flow Cytometry: FABP2/I-FABP Antibody [NB100-59746] - Flow cytometric analysis of paraformaldehyde fixed A431 cells (blue line), permeabilized with 0.5% Triton. Primary incubation 1hr (10ug/ml) followed by Alexa Fluor 488 secondary antibody (1ug/ml). IgG control: Unimmunized goat IgG (black line) followed by Alexa Fluor 488 secondary antibody.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FABP2-I-FABP-Antibody-Flow-Cytometry-NB100-59746-img0011.jpg)
![Western Blot: FXR/NR1H4 Antibody [NBP2-16550] -Various whole cell extracts (30 ug) were separated by 10% SDS-PAGE, and the membrane was blotted with NR1H4 antibody diluted at 1:500. The HRP-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG antibody (NBP2-19301) was used to detect the primary antibody.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/antibody/nbp2-16550_rabbit-polyclonal-fxr-nr1h4-antibody-western-blot-1220249182..jpg)
![Western Blot: FXR/NR1H4 Antibody [NBP2-16550] - Biochemical measurements & the mRNA & protein expression of top 5 NRs. A, Results of biochemical parameter measurements. Among the serum indicators, ALT in HFD group higher than it in NC group (P = .0004) & CSP group (P = .0222); the AST in HFD group higher than it in NC group (P = .0006) & CSP group (P = .0149); ALP in HFD group higher than it in NC group (P < .0001) & CSP group (P = .0013), & it lower in NC group than in CSP group (P = .0017); in HFD group, the TC level higher than it in NC group (P < .0001) & CSP group (P = .0003), & in NC group, it lower than it in CSP group (P < .0001); in HFD group, the TG level higher than it in NC group (P = .0011) & CSP group (P = .0476); in HFD group, the GLU level higher than it in NC group (P < .0001) & CSP group (P = .0002); & in HFD group, the HDL‐c level higher than it in NC group (P < .0001) & CSP group (P = .0022), & in NC group, it lower than it in CSP group (P < .0001) (n = 10). Among the liver indicators, in NC group, the TC level lower than it in HFD group (P = .0276) & CSP group (P = .0427); in NC group, the TG level lower than it in HFD group (P = .0427) & CSP group (P = .0448) (n = 6). B, The mRNA expression of top 5 NRs in liver. PPAR gamma in HFD group expressed at a higher level than it in NC group (P = .0072) & CSP group (P = .0489); FXR in HFD group expressed at a lower level than it in NC group (P = .0222) & CSP group (P = .0331); PPAR alpha in HFD group expressed lower than NC group (P = .0143) & CSP group (P = .0082); & RAR alpha in HFD group expressed at a higher level than it in NC group (P = .0001) & CSP group (P = .0012) (n = 10). C, Expression of top 5 NRs in liver measured by automatic WB analysis Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32189432), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp2-16550_rabbit-polyclonal-fxr-nr1h4-antibody-310202416113545.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: PDZK1 Antibody [NBP1-82572] - Staining in human kidney and tonsil tissues.. Corresponding PDZK1 RNA-seq data are presented for the same tissues.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/PDZK1-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP1-82572-img0018.jpg "<b>Orthogonal Strategies Validation. </b>Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: PDZK1 Antibody [NBP1-82572] - Staining in human kidney and tonsil tissues.. Corresponding PDZK1 RNA-seq data are presented for the same tissues.")
![<b>Genetic Strategies Validation and Orthogonal Strategies Validation.</b>Western Blot: PDZK1 Antibody [NBP1-82572] - Analysis in Caco-2 cells transfected with control siRNA, target specific siRNA probe #1, using anti-PDZK1 antibody. Remaining relative intensity is presented. Loading control: anti-GAPDH.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/PDZK1-Antibody-Western-Blot-NBP1-82572-img0014.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: PDZK1 Antibody [NBP1-82572] - Staining of human cell line RPTEC TERT1 shows localization to nucleus, cytosol & vesicles. Antibody staining is shown in green.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/PDZK1-Antibody-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP1-82572-img0015.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: PDZK1 Antibody [NBP1-82572] - Staining of human tonsil shows no positivity as expected.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/PDZK1-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP1-82572-img0019.jpg)
![Western Blot: PDZK1 Antibody [NBP1-82572] - Western blot analysis in mouse liver tissue and rat liver tissue.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/PDZK1-Antibody-Western-Blot-NBP1-82572-img0009.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: PDZK1 Antibody [NBP1-82572] - Staining of human pancreas shows weak to moderate positivity in plasma membrane in islets of Langerhans.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/PDZK1-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP1-82572-img0016.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: PDZK1 Antibody [NBP1-82572] - Staining of human small intestine shows moderate to strong positivity in luminal membrane in glandular cells.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/PDZK1-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP1-82572-img0017.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: PDZK1 Antibody [NBP1-82572] - Staining of human kidney shows moderate to strong positivity in apical membrane in cells in proximal tubules.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/PDZK1-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP1-82572-img0020.jpg)
![Western Blot: Cytochrome P450 3A4 Antibody (3H8) [NBP2-37502] - Analysis using CYP3A4 mAb against HEK293 (1) and CYP3A4 (AA: 243-430)-hIgGFc transfected HEK293 (2) cell lysate.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cytochrome-P450-3A4-Antibody-3H8-Western-Blot-NBP2-37502-img0003.jpg "Western Blot: Cytochrome P450 3A4 Antibody (3H8) [NBP2-37502] - Analysis using CYP3A4 mAb against HEK293 (1) and CYP3A4 (AA: 243-430)-hIgGFc transfected HEK293 (2) cell lysate.")
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Cytochrome P450 3A4 Antibody (3H8) [NBP2-37502] - Analysis of HepG2 cells using CYP3A4 mouse mAb (green). Blue: DRAQ5 fluorescent DNA dye. Red: Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor-555 phalloidin.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cytochrome-P450-3A4-Antibody-3H8-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP2-37502-img0004.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Cytochrome P450 3A4 Antibody (3H8) [NBP2-37502] - Analysis of human brain tissues using CYP3A4 mouse mAb with DAB staining.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cytochrome-P450-3A4-Antibody-3H8-Immunohistochemistry-NBP2-37502-img0007.jpg)
![Flow Cytometry: Cytochrome P450 3A4 Antibody (3H8) [NBP2-37502] - Analysis of HepG2 cells using CYP3A4 mouse mAb (green) and negative control (red).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cytochrome-P450-3A4-Antibody-3H8-Flow-Cytometry-NBP2-37502-img0005.jpg)
![Western Blot: Cytochrome P450 3A4 Antibody (3H8) [NBP2-37502] - Analysis using CYP3A4 mAb against human CYP3A4 (AA: 243-430) recombinant protein. (Expected MW is 47.5 kDa)](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cytochrome-P450-3A4-Antibody-3H8-Western-Blot-NBP2-37502-img0002.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Cytochrome P450 3A4 Antibody (3H8) [NBP2-37502] - Analysis of liver cancer tissues using CYP3A4 mouse mAb with DAB staining.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cytochrome-P450-3A4-Antibody-3H8-Immunohistochemistry-NBP2-37502-img0006.jpg)
![ELISA: Cytochrome P450 3A4 Antibody (3H8) [NBP2-37502] - Red: Control Antigen (100ng); Purple: Antigen (10ng); Green: Antigen (50ng); Blue: Antigen (100ng);](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cytochrome-P450-3A4-Antibody-3H8-ELISA-NBP2-37502-img0001.jpg)
![Western Blot: Apolipoprotein B/ApoB Antibody [NB200-527] - Alcohol feeding significantly down-regulated ApoB expression in mouse liver. Image from verified customer review.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Apolipoprotein-B-ApoB-Antibody-Western-Blot-NB200-527-img0001.jpg "Western Blot: Apolipoprotein B/ApoB Antibody [NB200-527] - Alcohol feeding significantly down-regulated ApoB expression in mouse liver. Image from verified customer review.")
![Western Blot: Niemann-Pick type C1 Like-1 Antibody [NBP2-89182] - Total protein from rat liver was separated on a 7.5% gel by SDS-PAGE, transferred to PVDF membrane and blocked in 5% non-fat milk in TBST. The membrane was probed with 2.0 ug/ml anti-NPC1L1 (NBP2-89182) in 1% BSA-TBST buffer and detected with an anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody using NovaLume chemiluminescence detection reagent (NPB2-61915).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Niemann-Pick-type-C1-Like-1-Antibody-Western-Blot-NBP2-89182-img0003.jpg "Western Blot: Niemann-Pick type C1 Like-1 Antibody [NBP2-89182] - Total protein from rat liver was separated on a 7.5% gel by SDS-PAGE, transferred to PVDF membrane and blocked in 5% non-fat milk in TBST. The membrane was probed with 2.0 ug/ml anti-NPC1L1 (NBP2-89182) in 1% BSA-TBST buffer and detected with an anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody using NovaLume chemiluminescence detection reagent (NPB2-61915).")
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Niemann-Pick type C1 Like-1 Antibody [NBP2-89182] - PC12 cells were fixed for 10 minutes using 10% formalin and then permeabilized for 5 minutes using 1X PBS + 0.05% Triton-X100. The cells were incubated with anti-Niemann-Pick type C1 Like-1 Antibody at 2 ug/ml overnight at 4C and detected with an anti-rabbit Dylight 488 (Green) at a 1:500 dilution. Alpha tubulin (DM1A) NB100-690 was used as a co-stain at a 1:1000 dilution and detected with an anti-mouse Dylight 550 (Red) at a 1:500 dilution. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (Blue). Cells were imaged using a 40X objective.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Niemann-Pick-type-C1-Like-1-Antibody-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP2-89182-img0002.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Niemann-Pick type C1 Like-1 Antibody [NBP2-89182] - Analysis of a FFPE tissue section of human liver using 1:200 dilution of NPC1L1 antibody. The staining was developed using HRP labeled anti-rabbit secondary antibody and DAB reagent, and nuclei of cells were counter-stained with hematoxylin. This NPC1L1 antibody generated moderate staining of hepatocyte cytoplasm.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Niemann-Pick-type-C1-Like-1-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP2-89182-img0001.jpg)
![Western Blot: SR-BI Antibody (SR37-06) [NBP3-11865] - Western blot analysis of SR-BI on different lysates using NBP3-11865 at 1/1,000 dilution. Positive control: Lane 1: Human liver. Lane 2: Mouse liver](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/SR-BI-Antibody-SR37-06-Western-Blot-NBP3-11865-img0001.jpg "Western Blot: SR-BI Antibody (SR37-06) [NBP3-11865] - Western blot analysis of SR-BI on different lysates using NBP3-11865 at 1/1,000 dilution. Positive control: Lane 1: Human liver. Lane 2: Mouse liver")
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: SR-BI Antibody (SR37-06) [NBP3-11865] - Immunocytochemistry staining SR-BI in PC-12 cells (green). The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue). Cells were fixed in paraformaldehyde, permeabilised with 0.25% Triton X100/PBS.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/SR-BI-Antibody-SR37-06-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP3-11865-img0006.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: SR-BI Antibody (SR37-06) [NBP3-11865] - Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded mouse liver tissue using NBP3-11865. Counter stained with hematoxylin.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/SR-BI-Antibody-SR37-06-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP3-11865-img0004.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: SR-BI Antibody (SR37-06) [NBP3-11865] - Immunocytochemistry staining SR-BI in CRC cells (green). The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue). Cells were fixed in paraformaldehyde, permeabilised with 0.25% Triton X100/PBS.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/SR-BI-Antibody-SR37-06-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP3-11865-img0005.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: SR-BI Antibody (SR37-06) [NBP3-11865] - Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human liver tissue using NBP3-11865. Counter stained with hematoxylin.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/SR-BI-Antibody-SR37-06-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP3-11865-img0002.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: SR-BI Antibody (SR37-06) [NBP3-11865] - Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human spleen tissue using NBP3-11865. Counter stained with hematoxylin.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/SR-BI-Antibody-SR37-06-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP3-11865-img0003.jpg)
![Flow Cytometry: Ferroportin/SLC40A1 Antibody (1308C) [NBP2-75923] - HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell line transfected with human Ferroportin/SLC40A1 and eGFP was stained with either (A) Rabbit Anti-Human Ferroportin/SLC40A1 Antibody (1308C) (NBP2-75923) or (B) Rabbit IgG Isotype Control (Catalog # MAB1050) followed by APC-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0111).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Ferroportin-SLC40A1-Antibody-1308C-Flow-Cytometry-NBP2-75923-img0001.jpg "Flow Cytometry: Ferroportin/SLC40A1 Antibody (1308C) [NBP2-75923] - HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell line transfected with human Ferroportin/SLC40A1 and eGFP was stained with either (A) Rabbit Anti-Human Ferroportin/SLC40A1 Antibody (1308C) (NBP2-75923) or (B) Rabbit IgG Isotype Control (Catalog # MAB1050) followed by APC-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0111).")
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Ferroportin/SLC40A1 Antibody (1308C) [NBP2-75923] - Ferroportin/SLC40A1 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human liver using Rabbit Anti-Human Ferroportin/SLC40A1 Antibody (1308C) (Catalog # NBP2-75923) at 1 ug/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Mouse IgG VisUCyte(TM) HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC001). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm in Kupffer cells.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Ferroportin-SLC40A1-Antibody-1308C-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP2-75923-img0002.jpg)
![Western Blot: FABP2/I-FABP Antibody (9A9B7B3) [NBP1-51589] - Analysis using FABP2 mouse mAb against FABP2-hIgGFc transfected HEK293 (1) cell lysate and LOVO (2) cell lysate.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FABP2-I-FABP-Antibody-9A9B7B3-Western-Blot-NBP1-51589-img0008.jpg "Western Blot: FABP2/I-FABP Antibody (9A9B7B3) [NBP1-51589] - Analysis using FABP2 mouse mAb against FABP2-hIgGFc transfected HEK293 (1) cell lysate and LOVO (2) cell lysate.")
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: FABP2/I-FABP Antibody (9A9B7B3) [NBP1-51589] - Analysis of 3T3-L1 cells using FABP2 mouse mAb (green). Blue: DRAQ5 fluorescent DNA dye. Red: Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor-555 phalloidin.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FABP2-I-FABP-Antibody-9A9B7B3-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP1-51589-img0010.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: FABP2/I-FABP Antibody (9A9B7B3) [NBP1-51589] - Analysis of paraffin-embedded human Small Intestine tissues.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FABP2-I-FABP-Antibody-9A9B7B3-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP1-51589-img0007.jpg)
![Flow Cytometry: FABP2/I-FABP Antibody (9A9B7B3) [NBP1-51589] - Flow cytometric analysis of LOVO cells using FABP2 mouse mAb (green) and negative control (purple).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FABP2-I-FABP-Antibody-9A9B7B3-Flow-Cytometry-NBP1-51589-img0009.jpg)