VSTM4 Antibody (2694A) [Unconjugated]

HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell line transfected with either (A) human VSTM4 or (B) irrelevant protein and eGFP was stained with Rabbit Anti-Human VSTM4 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB10767) followed by Allophycocyanin-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (F0111). Quadrant markers were set based on Rabbit IgG control antibody (MAB1050). View our protocol for Staining Membrane-associated Proteins.

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Flow
• Clone: 2694A
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Conjugate: Unconjugated

VSTM4 Antibody (2694A) [Unconjugated] Summary

• Additional Information: Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody.
• Immunogen: Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line CHO-derived human VSTM4
  Leu24-Tyr180
  Accession # Q8IW00-1
• Specificity: Detects human VSTM4 in direct ELISAs.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Purity Statement: Protein A or G purified from cell culture supernatant

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Flow Cytometry 0.25 ug/10^6 cells

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for VSTM4 Antibody (2694A) [Unconjugated]

• C10orf72
• FLJ31737
• hypothetical protein LOC196740
• V-set and transmembrane domain containing 4
• VSTM4

Background

V-set and transmembrane domain-containing protein 4 (VSTM4) is a single-pass type I membrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily. Human VSTM4 is synthesized as a 320 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 23 aa signal sequence, 157 aa extracellular region, 21 aa TM domain, and 119 aa cytoplasmic tail. In humans, part of the extracellular region is cleaved into a 50 aa secreted peptide (aa 55-104) compared to mouse, which is cleaved into a 49 aa peptide (aa 55-103) (1). Because of its role in enhancing L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (L-VGCC) currents in photoreceptors, this peptide was named peptide Lv (1). Peptide Lv is expressed in the central nervous system and a variety of organs including spleen, intestine, retina, and lung (1, 2). The peptide may have possible roles in regulating the cardiovascular system and L-VGCC dependent neural plasticity (1, 2). Human VSTM4 gene is located on chromosome 10, which may be linked to late-onset Alzheimer's disease (3). Down-regulation of VSTM4 increased tamoxifen sensitivity and suppressed growth in cultured breast cancer cells (4). Within the ECD, human VSTM4 shares 87% and 85% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat VSTM4, respectively. The biological functions of VSTM4 remain unknown. Our in-house data show that VSTM4 inhibits the human T cell activation, including anti-CD3 induced IL-2 and IFN-gamma secretion, and T cell proliferation.

1. Shi, L. et al. (2012) PLoS. 7:e43091.
2. Shi, L. et al. (2015) Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1853:1154.
3. Grupe, A. et al. (2006) Am. J. Hum. Genet. 78:78.
4. Mendes-Pereira, A. et al. (2012) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 109:2730.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Bioinformatics

• Uniprot:
  • Q8IW00-1()