Thioredoxin-1 Antibody [Alexa Fluor® 532]

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: WB, IHC
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Alexa Fluor 532

Thioredoxin-1 Antibody [Alexa Fluor® 532] Summary

• Immunogen: E. coli-derived recombinant human Thioredoxin-1
  Val2-Val105
  Accession # P10599
• Specificity: Detects human Thioredoxin-1 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, less than 25% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse Thioredoxin-1 is observed.
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Purity: Antigen Affinity-purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Western Blot

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Protect from light. Do not freeze. 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied
• Buffer: Supplied 0.2mg/ml in 1X PBS with RDF1 and 0.09% Sodium Azide
• Purity: Antigen Affinity-purified

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Thioredoxin-1 Antibody [Alexa Fluor® 532]

• Thioredoxin1
• Thioredoxin-1
• TRDX;TRX;TRX1;Trx80;TXN
• Trx1
• TXN
• TXN1

Background

Thioredoxins (Trxs) are a group of small ubiquitous proteins in all living cells that are key regulators of cellular redox balance (1, 2). The mammalian Trx family has three members. The Trx-1, which is a secreted and cellular protein, the mitochondria-specific Trx-2, and the Trx-like cytosolic protein p32TrxL (3-5). The active site of mammalian Trxs contains two cysteines in the conserved sequence -Y-C-G-P-C-K-. In Trx-1 the conserved cysteine residues are in positions 32 and 35, respectively. Trxs exist either in a reduced or in an oxidized state when the two cysteines at the active site form an intramolecular disulfide bridge. NADPH and the flavoprotein thioredoxin reductase can convert the oxidized Trx into the reduced Trx. Trx-1 is the only extracellular occurring thioredoxin, and is secreted by lymphocytes, hepatocytes, fibroblasts, and several tumor cells. Plasma concentrations of Trx-1 are up to 6 nM (6). In cells, Trx-1 is localized predominantly in the cytoplasm. Small amounts have been detected in the nucleus and in association with the outside surface of the cells. Expression of Trx-1 is increased under various stress conditions such as hypoxia, elevated hydrogen peroxide concentrations, photochemical oxidative stress, and viral and bacterial infections. Biological functions of Trx-1 include growth factor activity, antioxidant properties, a cofactor that provides reducing equivalents, and transcriptional regulation (1, 2). The synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis patients produces increased levels of Trx-1 under oxidative stress conditions, and a correlation exists between the plasma levels of Trx-1 and the severity of the disease, making Trx-1 a biomarker for this pathological condition (7, 8).

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.