Recombinant Human IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 (aa 18-169) Protein, CF

Recombinant Human IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 (Catalog #6835-IL/CF) induces IL-8 secretion in A431 human epithelial carcinoma cells. The ED50 for this effect is 1.5-9 ng/mL.

1 µg/lane of Recombinant Human IL-36 gamma /IL-1F9 (aa 18-169) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 17 kDa.

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Human IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 (aa 18-169) Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its ability to induce IL-8 secretion in A431 human epithelial carcinoma cells. The ED₅₀ for for this effect is 1.5-9 ng/mL.
• Source: E. coli-derived human IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 protein
  Ser18-Asp169
• Accession #: Q9NZH8
• N-terminal Sequence: Ser18
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: IL36G
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 17 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 17 kDa, reducing coditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in MOPS, NaCl, TCEP and EDTA.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 200 μg/mL in Water.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 (aa 18-169) Protein, CF

• IL-1 epsilon
• IL-1 H1
• IL-1 Related Protein 2
• IL-1(EPSILON)
• IL1E
• IL-1-epsilon
• IL1F9
• IL-1F9
• IL1H1
• IL-1H1
• IL-1-Related Protein 2
• IL1RP2
• IL-1rp2
• IL36 gamma
• IL-36 gamma
• IL36G
• interleukin 1 family, member 9
• interleukin 1-related protein 2
• Interleukin 36, Gamma
• Interleukin-1 epsilon
• interleukin-1 family member 9
• Interleukin-1 homolog 1
• Interleukin-36 Gamma

Background

IL-36 gamma [previously called IL-1F9, IL-1 epsilon (epsilon), and IL-1H1] is a member of the IL-1 family which includes IL‑1 beta , IL‑1 alpha , IL‑1ra, IL‑18, IL‑36 Ra (IL‑1F5), IL-36 alpha (IL‑1F6), IL‑36 beta (IL‑1F8), IL‑37 (IL‑1F7) and IL-1F10 (1‑5). All family members show a 12 beta ‑strand, beta ‑trefoil configuration, and are believed to have arisen from a common ancestral gene (2, 3). IL‑36 gamma is an 18‑22 kDa, 169 amino acid (aa) intracellular and secreted protein that contains no signal sequence, no prosegment and no potential N‑linked glycosylation sites (1, 2, 4, 6, 7). Human IL‑36 gamma (aa 18‑169) shares 58%, 59%, 68% and 69% aa sequence identity with mouse, rat, bovine and equine IL‑36 gamma , respectively, and 23‑57% aa sequence identity with other family members. A 134 aa isoform missing aa 19‑53 has been reported (8). Highest levels of IL‑36 gamma are produced by Langerhans cells, keratinocytes, and stomach Chief cells and parietal cells; these cells contribute to first‑line defense against pathogens in the skin, lungs and digestive tract (2, 3, 6, 9). Its expression is induced by LPS treatment of monocytes, and by IL‑ alpha / beta , IL‑17 or TNF‑ alpha treatment of keratinocytes and bronchial epithelia (1, 6, 7, 9‑11). Skin IL-36 gamma expression is increased in contact hypersensitivity and psoriasis (1, 6, 11). It is elevated in inflammatory disorders of the lung (such as asthma) and viral infections. Lung IL‑36 gamma and other IL‑36 proteins contribute to neutrophil influx (4, 7, 10). The receptor for IL-36 gamma is a combination of IL‑1 Rrp2, mainly found in epithelia and keratinocytes, and the widely expressed IL‑1 RAcP (4, 7, 9). IL‑36 alpha ,  beta  and  gamma all activate NF‑ kappa B and MAPK pathways in an IL‑1 Rrp2 dependent manner, and IL‑36 gamma induces production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as CXCL8/IL‑8 (7, 9, 10).

1. Kumar, S. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:10308.
2. Busfield, S.J. et al. (2000) Genomics 66:213.
3. Dunn, E. et al. (2001) Trends Immunol. 22:533.
4. Barksby, H.E. et al. (2007) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 149:217.
5. Dinarello, C. et al. (2010) Nat. Immunol. 11:973.
6. Debets, R. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 167:1440.
7. Chustz, R.T. et al. (2010) Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. Sept. 24 [Epub ahead of print]
8. SwissProt Accession # Q9NZH8.
9. Towne, J.E. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:13677.
10. Ramadas, R.A. et al. (2011) Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 44:134.
11. Johnston, A. et al. (2011) J. Immunol. 186:2613.

Publications for IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 (6835-IL/CF)(10)

Publications using 6835-IL/CF

• A Müller, A Dickmanns, C Resch, K Schäkel, S Hailfinger, M Dobbelstei, K Schulze-Os, D Kramer The CDK4/6-EZH2 pathway is a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis J. Clin. Invest., 2020-11-02;0(0):. 2020-11-02 [PMID: 32701505] (Cell Culture, Human)
• JE Heath, GM Scholz, PD Veith, EC Reynolds IL-36? regulates mediators of tissue homeostasis in epithelial cells Cytokine, 2019-03-08;119(0):24-31. 2019-03-08 [PMID: 30856602] (Bioassay, Human)
• J Guo, J Tu, Y Hu, G Song, Z Yin Cathepsin G cleaves and activates IL-36? and promotes the inflammation of psoriasis Drug Des Devel Ther, 2019-02-08;13(0):581-588. 2019-02-08 [PMID: 30804664] (Bioassay, Human)
• L Mercurio, M Morelli, C Scarponi, EZ Eisenmesse, N Doti, G Pagnanelli, E Gubinelli, C Mazzanti, A Cavani, M Ruvo, CA Dinarello, C Albanesi, S Madonna IL-38 has an anti-inflammatory action in psoriasis and its expression correlates with disease severity and therapeutic response to anti-IL-17A treatment Cell Death Dis, 2018-10-30;9(11):1104. 2018-10-30 [PMID: 30377293] (Bioassay, Human)
• BA Stanfield, PJF Rider, J Caskey, F Del Piero, KG Kousoulas Intramuscular vaccination of guinea pigs with the live-attenuated human herpes simplex vaccine VC2 stimulates a transcriptional profile of vaginal Th17 and regulatory Tr1 responses Vaccine, 2018-04-11;0(0):. 2018-04-11 [PMID: 29655629] (Bioassay, Human)
• WR Swindell, MA Beamer, MK Sarkar, S Loftus, J Fullmer, X Xing, NL Ward, LC Tsoi, MJ Kahlenberg, Y Liang, JE Gudjonsson RNA-Seq Analysis of IL-1B and IL-36 Responses in Epidermal Keratinocytes Identifies a Shared MyD88-Dependent Gene Signature Front Immunol, 2018-01-29;9(0):80. 2018-01-29 [PMID: 29434599] (Whole Cells, Human)
• W Wang, X Yu, C Wu, H Jin IL-36? inhibits differentiation and induces inflammation of keratinocyte via Wnt signaling pathway in psoriasis Int J Med Sci, 2017-08-18;14(10):1002-1007. 2017-08-18 [PMID: 28924372] (Bioassay, Human)
• Guanghui Yi Structural and functional attributes of the Interleukin-36 receptor J Biol Chem, 2016-06-15;0(0):. 2016-06-15 [PMID: 27307043] (Bioassay, Human)
• Saha S, Singh D, Raymond E, Ganesan R, Caviness G, Grimaldi C, Woska J, Mennerich D, Brown S, Mbow M, Kao C Signal Transduction and Intracellular Trafficking by the Interleukin 36 Receptor. J Biol Chem, 2015-08-12;290(39):23997-4006. 2015-08-12 [PMID: 26269592] (Bioassay, Human)
• Scheiermann P, Bachmann M, Hardle L, Pleli T, Piiper A, Zwissler B, Pfeilschifter J, Muhl H Application of IL-36 receptor antagonist weakens CCL20 expression and impairs recovery in the late phase of murine acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Sci Rep, 2015-02-17;5(0):8521. 2015-02-17 [PMID: 25687687] (Bioassay, Human)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: IL36G
• Uniprot:
  • Q9NZH8()