Antibody database

 Ovarian carcinoma is disease that eludes early diagnosis and has a high mortality rate. In a diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma, one of the most common problems is to distinguish between a primary ovarian and colorectal adenocarcinoma (1).

Actin is a ubiquitous and an essential component of the cytoskeleton, with critical roles in a wide range of cellular processes. It is abundant protein whose monomers polymerize into polarized actin filaments, within epithelial cells. Filamentous actin is concentrated at the plasma membrane where a wide variety of actin-associated proteins harness the potential and structure of actin filaments to moderate functions at the plasma membrane (1).

An important aspect of mitochondria maintenance includes biogenesis to replenish damaged and degraded mitochondrial structures. The regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis is very complex and numerous genes regulate and synchronize protein synthesis from the mitochondrial and nuclear genome.

O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a sugar attachment to serine or threonine hydroxyl moieties on nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. O-GlcNAc modified proteins are generally either cytoplasmic or nuclear proteins, and unlike asparagine-linked or mucin-type O-glycosylation, O-GlcNAc is not further processed into a complex oligosaccharide.

A-kinase anchor proteins (AKAPs), such as AKAP95/AKAP8, are scaffold proteins that contain a binding domain for the RI/RII subunit of protein kinase A (PKA). AKAPs orchestrate and synchronize cellular events by tethering the cAMP-dependent PKA and other signaling enzymes to organelles and membranes. This gene encodes a nuclear A-kinase anchor protein that binds to the RII alpha subunit of PKA and may play a role in chromosome condensation during mitosis (1).

CDR2 is a tumor antigen expressed in a high percentage of breast and ovarian tumors and is the target of a naturally occurring tumor immune response in patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration.

SOX2 is a transcription factor that is expressed by self-renewing and multipotent stem cells of the embryonic neuroepithelium. Sox-2 was found to be expressed by dividing neural progenitor cells. Constitutive expression of SOX2 has also been shown to inhibit neuronal differentiation and results in the maintenance of progenitor characteristics.

Mitofilin was originally described as a heart muscle protein due to its high expression in the heart. Recently, analysis of the human heart mitochondrial proteome demonstrated that Mitofilin is one of the most abundant mitochondrial proteins (1). Researchers have reported finding two alternately spliced Mitofilin variants producing proteins of 88 and 90 kDa, that were detected in immunoblots with Mitofilin antibodies (2).

NuMA, the major protein of the "Nucleus and Mitotic Apparatus", is a structural protein in vertebrates involved in cell cycle regulation. It localizes to the nucleus during interphase, and accumulates at the spindle poles during mitosis and NuMA has been implicated in the formation of the mitotic spindle, in particular in focusing the spindle poles (1).

The p14ARF (Alternative Reading Frame) tumor suppressor is a protein product of the alternative reading frame (ARF) of the human INK4a locus which regulates a series of cell cycle regulatory proteins to promote cell cycle arrest in response to abnormal hyper-proliferative growth stimuli. p14ARF alterations are common in human cancers and, when inherited, confer susceptibility to cutaneous melanoma (1).