Antibody suppliers

SHARP1 encodes a transcription repressor factor that belongs to the Hairy/Enhancer of the Split subfamily of basic helix-loop-helix factors (bHLH). Sequence alignment shows that SHARP1 is only distantly related to these proteins with a 37-42% sequence identity within its bHLH domain. Unlike most other bHLH proteins, SHARP-1 is not expressed in neuronal progenitor cells or early differentiating neurons but is instead restricted to neuronal subset within the postnatal central nervous system (CNS).

The thymidine synthetic nucleoside analogue bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) has a long, colorful history of repeated use in molecular and cytokinetic studies, as detailed in reviews by Vanderlaan and Dolbeare (1,2).  Because BrDU is only incorporated into newly synthesized DNA in actively replicating S-phase cells, it allows for accurate and comprehensive quantitation of the pattern, rate, and progression of cell proliferation.

CD73 is a 70kD glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface molecule that belongs to the 5'-nucleosidase family. It hydrolyzes extracellular nucleotides into membrane permeable nucleosides and is found as both a membrane-bound and soluble molecule. Because it is abundantly expressed on vascular endothelium and some lymphocyte subpopulations, CD73 is a useful lymphocyte differentiation marker. Like many other GPI-anchored molecules, it transmits T-cell activation signals upon ligand engagement.

CD33 is a transmembrane protein that belongs to the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (siglec) family. These are immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM)-containing molecules capable of recruiting the tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2 to signal assemblies. ITIMs are also used for the ubiquitin-mediated removal of the receptor from cell surfaces. CD33 is expressed on cells of myelomonocytic lineage.

CD90 is a 25-35kD glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked glycoprotein receptor of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. It is found on murine T-cells, thymocytes, neuronal cells, granulocytic lineage-derived cells, hematopoietic stem cells, fibroblasts, neurons, and Kupffer's cells. CD90 is often used as a marker for a variety of stem cells and mature neuronal axon processes.  CD90 appears to play a role in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and adhesion during synaptogenesis, nerve regeneration, apoptosis and necrosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and metastasis.

GLUT4 is an insulin-sensitive glucose transporter that facilitates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and cardiac tissues that specifically express this protein. It is a twelve transmembrane domain multi-pass protein found only in the endosome system and perinuclear cytoplasm. Upon insulin stimulation, GLUT4 translocates to the cell surface. Because of its role in glucose homeostasis, GLUT4 is the key regulator of obesity and obesity-related disease.

CD16 is a lymphocyte Fc gamma type III low-affinity receptor for IgG and is represented by two similar genes, CD16A (Fc gamma RIII A) and CD16B (Fc gamma RIIIB). CD16A exists as a heterooligomeric polypeptide-anchored form in macrophages and NK cells. CD16B exists as a monomeric glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored form in neutrophils. CD16 binds IgG in the form of immune complexes or free antibody. It exhibits preferential binding to IgG1 and IgG3 isotypes, with minimal binding of IgG2 and IgG4.

The protein PINK1 is a mitochondrial-located serine/threonine kinase (PTK) that maintains organelle function and integrity. It not only protects organelles from cellular stress, but it also uses the selective auto-phagocytosis process for cleaning and clearing cell damage. Exner et al initially reported that, in humans, a PINK1 deficiency is linked to autosomal recessive incidences of both neurodegenerative pathology and Parkinson's Disease (PD) (1).

Troponin I is part of a heteromeric thin filament regulatory complex that is responsible for modulating skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction. Troponin complex consists of three subunits: troponin I (TnI), troponin T (TnT), and troponin C (TnC). Each of these subunits has a different role in the function of the complex. In particular, TnI is the inhibitory component, and confers calcium-sensitivity to the ATPase activity of the myofibril contractile apparatus within striated muscles. By blocking actin-myosin interactions, it regulates muscle relaxation.

The protein Troponin I is a component of the heteromeric protein complex responsible for regulating both skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction. Troponin complex is made up of three parts: troponin I (TnI), troponin T (TnT), and troponin C (TnC). Each of these proteins has a particular function. TnI is the inhibitory component that confers calcium-sensitivity to the ATPase activity of the myofibril contractile apparatus.