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FLT4, a VEGF Receptor type protein kinase, is an endothelial cell-specific receptor. Binding of the extracellular domain of FLT4 to the vascular endothelial growth factor-related protein VEGF-C stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation and mitogenesis of endothelial cells. FLT4 (-/-) mice have been shown to have defective blood vessel development in early embryos and to experience cardiovascular failure at embryonic day 9.5. A mutation in the FLT4 gene has been implicated in human hereditary lymphedema type I. Similarly, a mutation in the conserved catalytic domain of FLT4, in close proximity to the FLT4 mutations in human primary lymphedema, has been linked to the Chy mouse mutant.