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FSH is a pituitary hormone involved in the maturation of ovarian follicles and estrogen secretion in females. In the pituitary gland, FSH is produced by gonadotrophs. In males, FSH stimulates the secretion of testosterone. Follicle stimulating hormone enables ovarian folliculogenesis to the antral follicle stage and is essential for Sertoli cell proliferation and maintenance of sperm quality in the testis. Members of the pituitary glycoprotein hormone family, of which FSH is one (see also luteinizing hormone, chorionic gonadotropin, and thyroid stimulating hormone), consist of a shared alpha chain and a beta chain encoded by a separate gene.