Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (PECAM1), also known as known as CD31 (cluster of differentiation 31), is an Ig supergene family cell adhesion and signaling membrane receptor. CD31/PECAM1 is critical for cell-cell interactions and is expressed on a variety of hematopoetic cells (platelets, granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, and T and B cell subsets). Because this adhesion molecule is expressed at high levels specifically localized to endothelial cell junctions, CD31/PECAM1 antibodies can be used as endothelial markers1.
-Immunohistochemistry-Frozen-NB100-64796-img0002.jpg "Immunohistochemistry-Frozen: CD31/PECAM1 Antibody")
In the field of angiogenesis, the classic family of integrins has been long studied but experiments with CD31/PECAM1 antibodies demonstrate that other adhesion molecules like cadherin and CD31/PECAM1 also have an important function and can inhibit blood vessel formation in different animal models of growth factor/chemokine-induced angiogenesis 2,3. The precise mechanism remains to be elucidated but it is thought that CD31/PECAM1 may initially stabilize critical endothelial cell-cell contact as well as upregulate integrin expression. CD31/PECAM1 antibodies have allowed detailed study of this target molecule and its structure-function has been well-characterized, but its role in inflammation is not as clear. It plays dual and opposing roles – having both pro-inflammatory (aiding leukocyte migration and transducing fluid shear stress signals) and anti-inflammatory (suppressing cytokine production and maintaining vascular barrier integrity) functions. Further work is required to understand and define the underlying mechanisms to allow the use of a CD31/PECAM1 antibody in diagnosing and enabling treatment of both acute and chronic inflammatory disorders 4.
Novus Biologicals offers CD31/PECAM1 reagents for your research needs including:
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