| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azide and BSA Free | NBP2-71527 | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NBP2-92805-0.02ml | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NBP2-92848-0.02ml | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azide and BSA Free | NBP2-92872-0.02ml | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NBP2-61887-0.025ml | |||
![Western Blot: Aurora A Antibody (35C1) [NB100-1641] - Analysis using the Biotin conjugate of NB100-1641. Detection of recombinant Aurora-A kinase protein probed with 100-1829 and F(ab')2 rabbit anti-mouse IgG:HRP.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Aurora-A-Antibody-35C1-Western-Blot-NB100-1641-img0002.jpg "Western Blot: Aurora A Antibody (35C1) [NB100-1641] - Analysis using the Biotin conjugate of NB100-1641. Detection of recombinant Aurora-A kinase protein probed with 100-1829 and F(ab')2 rabbit anti-mouse IgG:HRP.")
![Western Blot: FGF-BP Antibody (OTI2B6) [NBP2-45643] - Analysis of HEK293T cells were transfected with the pCMV6-ENTRY control (Left lane) or pCMV6-ENTRY FGF-BP.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FGF-BP-Antibody-2B6-Western-Blot-NBP2-45643-img0003.jpg "Western Blot: FGF-BP Antibody (OTI2B6) [NBP2-45643] - Analysis of HEK293T cells were transfected with the pCMV6-ENTRY control (Left lane) or pCMV6-ENTRY FGF-BP.")
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: FGF-BP Antibody (OTI2B6) [NBP2-45643] - Analysis of Human prostate tissue. (Heat-induced epitope retrieval by Tris-EDTA, pH8.0)](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FGF-BP-Antibody-2B6-Immunohistochemistry-NBP2-45643-img0002.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: FGF-BP Antibody (OTI2B6) [NBP2-45643] - Analysis of Human Ovary tissue. (Heat-induced epitope retrieval by Tris-EDTA, pH8.0)](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/FGF-BP-Antibody-2B6-Immunohistochemistry-NBP2-45643-img0001.jpg)
![Western Blot: IFT88 Antibody [NBP1-79538] - Jurkat cell lysate, Antibody Titration: 0.2-1 ug/ml](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/IFT88-Antibody-Western-Blot-NBP1-79538-img0002.jpg "Western Blot: IFT88 Antibody [NBP1-79538] - Jurkat cell lysate, Antibody Titration: 0.2-1 ug/ml")
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: IFT88 Antibody [NBP1-79538] - Human testis tissue at an antibody concentration of 5 ug/ml.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/IFT88-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP1-79538-img0004.jpg)
![Western Blot: CHMP4B Antibody - BSA Free [NBP2-92805] - Western blot analysis of lysates from Mouse spleen using CHMP4B Rabbit pAb at 1:400 dilution.Secondary antibody:HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1:10000 dilution.Lysates/proteins: 25 ug per lane.Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST.Detection:ECL Basic Kit.Exposuretime:90s.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp2-92805_rabbit-polyclonal-chmp4b-antibody-42202514275243.jpg%3Ft=1701396936 "Western Blot: CHMP4B Antibody - BSA Free [NBP2-92805] - Western blot analysis of lysates from Mouse spleen using CHMP4B Rabbit pAb at 1:400 dilution.Secondary antibody:HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1:10000 dilution.Lysates/proteins: 25 ug per lane.Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST.Detection:ECL Basic Kit.Exposuretime:90s.")
![Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: CHMP4B Antibody - BSA Free [NBP2-92805] - Immunofluorescence analysis of NIH/3T3 cells using CHMP4B Rabbit pAb at dilution of 1:200 (40x lens). Secondary antibody: Cy3 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1:500 dilution. Blue: DAPI for nuclear staining.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp2-92805_rabbit-polyclonal-chmp4b-antibody-4220251430471.jpg%3Ft=1701396936)
![Western Blot: Cullin 3 Antibody [NBP2-92848] - Western blot analysis of extracts of various cell lines, using Cullin 3 antibody (NBP2-92848) at 1:1000 dilution. Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1:10000 dilution. Lysates/proteins: 25ug per lane. Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST. Detection: ECL Basic Kit. Exposure time: 60s.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cullin 3 Antibody-Western Blot-NBP2-92848-img0002.jpg "Western Blot: Cullin 3 Antibody [NBP2-92848] - Western blot analysis of extracts of various cell lines, using Cullin 3 antibody (NBP2-92848) at 1:1000 dilution. Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1:10000 dilution. Lysates/proteins: 25ug per lane. Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST. Detection: ECL Basic Kit. Exposure time: 60s.")
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Cullin 3 Antibody [NBP2-92848] - Analysis of HeLa cells using Cullin 3 . Blue: DAPI for nuclear staining.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cullin-3-Antibody-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP2-92848-img0001.jpg)
![Western Blot: 14-3-3 zeta/beta Antibody (3J3J9) [NBP3-16769] - Western blot analysis of extracts of various cell lines, using 14-3-3 zeta/beta Rabbit mAb (NBP3-16769) at 1:1000 dilution. Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1:10000 dilution. Lysates/proteins: 25ug per lane. Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST. Detection: ECL Basic Kit. Exposure time: 1s.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/14-3-3-zeta-beta-Antibody-3J3J9-Western-Blot-NBP3-16769-img0002.jpg "Western Blot: 14-3-3 zeta/beta Antibody (3J3J9) [NBP3-16769] - Western blot analysis of extracts of various cell lines, using 14-3-3 zeta/beta Rabbit mAb (NBP3-16769) at 1:1000 dilution. Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1:10000 dilution. Lysates/proteins: 25ug per lane. Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST. Detection: ECL Basic Kit. Exposure time: 1s.")
![Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: 14-3-3 zeta/beta Antibody (3J3J9) [NBP3-16769] - Immunofluorescence analysis of NIH-3T3 cells using 14-3-3 zeta/beta Rabbit mAb at dilution of 1:100 (40x lens). Blue: DAPI for nuclear staining.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp3-16769_rabbit-14-3-3-zeta-beta-mab-3j3j9-8220252010488.jpg)
![Western Blot: Cullin 3 Antibody [NBP2-92872] - Western blot analysis of extracts of various cell lines, using Cullin 3 antibody (NBP2-92872) at 1:1000 dilution. Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1:10000 dilution. Lysates/proteins: 25ug per lane. Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST. Detection: ECL Basic Kit. Exposure time: 180s.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cullin-3-Antibody-Western-Blot-NBP2-92872-img0002.jpg "Western Blot: Cullin 3 Antibody [NBP2-92872] - Western blot analysis of extracts of various cell lines, using Cullin 3 antibody (NBP2-92872) at 1:1000 dilution. Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1:10000 dilution. Lysates/proteins: 25ug per lane. Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST. Detection: ECL Basic Kit. Exposure time: 180s.")
![Western Blot: Cullin 3 Antibody [NBP2-92872] - Western blot analysis of extracts of various cell lines, using Cullin 3 antibody (NBP2-92872) at 1:1000 dilution. Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1:10000 dilution. Lysates/proteins: 25ug per lane. Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST. Detection: ECL Basic Kit. Exposure time: 30s.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cullin-3-Antibody-Western-Blot-NBP2-92872-img0001.jpg)
![Western Blot: Apc1 Antibody (7G9C7) [NBP2-61887] - Analysis using ANAPC1 mAb against human ANAPC1 (AA: 12-155) recombinant protein. (Expected MW is 41.9 kDa)](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Apc1-Antibody-7G9C7-Western-Blot-NBP2-61887-img0003.jpg "Western Blot: Apc1 Antibody (7G9C7) [NBP2-61887] - Analysis using ANAPC1 mAb against human ANAPC1 (AA: 12-155) recombinant protein. (Expected MW is 41.9 kDa)")
![Flow Cytometry: Apc1 Antibody (7G9C7) [NBP2-61887] - Analysis of MCF-7 cells using ANAPC1 mouse mAb (green) and negative control (red).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Apc1-Antibody-7G9C7-Flow-Cytometry-NBP2-61887-img0002.jpg)
![Western Blot: Apc1 Antibody (7G9C7) [NBP2-61887] - Analysis using ANAPC1 mAb against HEK293 (1) and ANAPC1 (AA: 12-155)-hIgGFc transfected HEK293 (2) cell lysate.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Apc1-Antibody-7G9C7-Western-Blot-NBP2-61887-img0004.jpg)
![ELISA: Apc1 Antibody (7G9C7) [NBP2-61887] - Black line: Control Antigen (100 ng);Purple line: Antigen (10ng); Blue line: Antigen (50 ng); Red line:Antigen (100 ng)](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Apc1-Antibody-7G9C7-ELISA-NBP2-61887-img0001.jpg)
![Western Blot: SIAH1 Antibody (PSH01-80) [NBP3-32949] - Western blot analysis of SIAH1 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-SIAH1 antibody (NBP3-32949) at 1/1,000 dilution. Lane 1: HCT 116 cell lysate(20 ug/Lane) Lane 2: RAW264.7 cell lysate(20 ug/Lane) Lane 3: Mouse liver tissue lysate(40 ug/Lane) Lane 4: Mouse brain tissue lysate(40 ug/Lane) Lane 5: Rat liver tissue lysate(40 ug/Lane) Lane 6: Rat brain tissue lysate(40 ug/Lane) Lane 7: Rat testis testis lysate(40 ug/Lane) Predicted band size: 31 kDa Observed band size: 25 kDa Exposure time: 20 seconds; 4-20% SDS-PAGE gel. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (NBP3-32949) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at room temperature for 2 hours. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody at 1/100,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp3-32949_rabbit-siah1-mab-psh01-80-28820241246162.jpg "Western Blot: SIAH1 Antibody (PSH01-80) [NBP3-32949] - Western blot analysis of SIAH1 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-SIAH1 antibody (NBP3-32949) at 1/1,000 dilution. Lane 1: HCT 116 cell lysate(20 ug/Lane) Lane 2: RAW264.7 cell lysate(20 ug/Lane) Lane 3: Mouse liver tissue lysate(40 ug/Lane) Lane 4: Mouse brain tissue lysate(40 ug/Lane) Lane 5: Rat liver tissue lysate(40 ug/Lane) Lane 6: Rat brain tissue lysate(40 ug/Lane) Lane 7: Rat testis testis lysate(40 ug/Lane) Predicted band size: 31 kDa Observed band size: 25 kDa Exposure time: 20 seconds; 4-20% SDS-PAGE gel. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (NBP3-32949) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at room temperature for 2 hours. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody at 1/100,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.")
![Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: SIAH1 Antibody (PSH01-80) [NBP3-32949] - Immunocytochemistry analysis of A549 cells labeling SIAH1 with Rabbit anti-SIAH1 antibody (NBP3-32949) at 1/100 dilution. Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 minutes at room temperature, permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 minutes at room temperature, then blocked with 1% BSA in 10% negative goat serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-SIAH1 antibody (NBP3-32949) at 1/100 dilution in 1% BSA in PBST overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the secondary antibody only control. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI. Beta tubulin (red) was stained at 1/100 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp3-32949_rabbit-siah1-mab-psh01-80-29202410234222.jpg)
![Western Blot: Cullin 3 Antibody (JE37-29) [NBP3-32232] - Western blot analysis of Cullin 3 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Cullin 3 antibody (NBP3-32232) at 1/1,000 dilution. Lane 1: SW480 cell lysate Lane 2: SW620 cell lysate Lane 3: HT-29 cell lysate Lane 4: Mouse testis tissue lysate Lane 5: Rat testis tissue lysate Lane 6: Mouse brain tissue lysate Lane 7: Rat brain tissue lysate Lysates/proteins at 20 ug/Lane. Predicted band size: 89 kDa Observed band size: 75 kDa Exposure time: 5 minutes; 4-20% SDS-PAGE gel. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (NBP3-32232) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4C overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp3-32232_rabbit-cullin-3-mab-je37-29-27820241628528.jpg "Western Blot: Cullin 3 Antibody (JE37-29) [NBP3-32232] - Western blot analysis of Cullin 3 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Cullin 3 antibody (NBP3-32232) at 1/1,000 dilution. Lane 1: SW480 cell lysate Lane 2: SW620 cell lysate Lane 3: HT-29 cell lysate Lane 4: Mouse testis tissue lysate Lane 5: Rat testis tissue lysate Lane 6: Mouse brain tissue lysate Lane 7: Rat brain tissue lysate Lysates/proteins at 20 ug/Lane. Predicted band size: 89 kDa Observed band size: 75 kDa Exposure time: 5 minutes; 4-20% SDS-PAGE gel. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (NBP3-32232) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4C overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.")
![Immunohistochemistry: Cullin 3 Antibody (JE37-29) [NBP3-32232] - Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma tissue with Rabbit anti-Cullin 3 antibody (NBP3-32232) at 1/1,000 dilution. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 2 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (NBP3-32232) at 1/1,000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp3-32232_rabbit-cullin-3-mab-je37-29-298202414115436.jpg)
![Western Blot: Cullin 3 Antibody (JE57-80) [NBP3-32233] - Western blot analysis of Cullin 3 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Cullin 3 antibody (NBP3-32233) at 1/1,000 dilution. Lane 1: HeLa cell lysate (20 ug/Lane) Lane 2: Jurkat cell lysate (20 ug/Lane) Lane 3: PC-12 cell lysate (20 ug/Lane) Lane 4: Mouse spleen tissue lysate (40 ug/Lane) Lane 5: Mouse testis tissue lysate (40 ug/Lane) Lane 6: Rat brain tissue lysate (40 ug/Lane) Lane 7: Rat spleen tissue lysate (40 ug/Lane) Predicted band size: 89 kDa Observed band size: 89 kDa Exposure time: 3 minutes; 4-20% SDS-PAGE gel. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (NBP3-32233) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4C overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp3-32233_rabbit-cullin-3-mab-je57-80-278202415212437.jpg "Western Blot: Cullin 3 Antibody (JE57-80) [NBP3-32233] - Western blot analysis of Cullin 3 on different lysates with Rabbit anti-Cullin 3 antibody (NBP3-32233) at 1/1,000 dilution. Lane 1: HeLa cell lysate (20 ug/Lane) Lane 2: Jurkat cell lysate (20 ug/Lane) Lane 3: PC-12 cell lysate (20 ug/Lane) Lane 4: Mouse spleen tissue lysate (40 ug/Lane) Lane 5: Mouse testis tissue lysate (40 ug/Lane) Lane 6: Rat brain tissue lysate (40 ug/Lane) Lane 7: Rat spleen tissue lysate (40 ug/Lane) Predicted band size: 89 kDa Observed band size: 89 kDa Exposure time: 3 minutes; 4-20% SDS-PAGE gel. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (NBP3-32233) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at 4C overnight. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody at 1/50,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.")
![Immunohistochemistry: Cullin 3 Antibody (JE57-80) [NBP3-32233] - Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human brain tissue with Rabbit anti-Cullin 3 antibody (NBP3-32233) at 1/500 dilution. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 2 minutes. The tissues were blocked in 1% BSA for 20 minutes at room temperature, washed with ddH2O and PBS, and then probed with the primary antibody (NBP3-32233) at 1/500 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature. The detection was performed using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. Tissues were counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp3-32233_rabbit-cullin-3-mab-je57-80-29820241492664.jpg)
![Western Blot: CRIPTO Antibody (JE33-31) [NBP3-32221] - Western blot analysis of CRIPTO on NCCIT cell lysates with Rabbit anti-CRIPTO antibody (NBP3-32221) at 1/1,000 dilution. Lysates/proteins at 20 ug/Lane. Predicted band size: 21 kDa Observed band size: 21 kDa Exposure time: 1 minute; 4-20% SDS-PAGE gel. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (NBP3-32221) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at room temperature for 2 hours. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody at 1:100,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp3-32221_rabbit-cripto-mab-je33-31-278202416285240.jpg "Western Blot: CRIPTO Antibody (JE33-31) [NBP3-32221] - Western blot analysis of CRIPTO on NCCIT cell lysates with Rabbit anti-CRIPTO antibody (NBP3-32221) at 1/1,000 dilution. Lysates/proteins at 20 ug/Lane. Predicted band size: 21 kDa Observed band size: 21 kDa Exposure time: 1 minute; 4-20% SDS-PAGE gel. Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% NFDM/TBST for 1 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (NBP3-32221) at 1/1,000 dilution was used in 5% NFDM/TBST at room temperature for 2 hours. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG - HRP Secondary Antibody at 1:100,000 dilution was used for 1 hour at room temperature.")
![Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: CRIPTO Antibody (JE33-31) [NBP3-32221] - Immunocytochemistry analysis of NCCIT cells labeling CRIPTO with Rabbit anti-CRIPTO antibody (NBP3-32221) at 1/100 dilution. Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 minutes at 37 ℃, permeabilized with 0.05% Triton X-100 in PBS for 20 minutes, and then blocked with 2% negative goat serum for 30 minutes at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with Rabbit anti-CRIPTO antibody (NBP3-32221) at 1/100 dilution in 2% negative goat serum overnight at 4 ℃. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (iFluor™ 488) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. Nuclear DNA was labelled in blue with DAPI. Beta tubulin (red) was stained at 1/200 dilution overnight at +4℃. Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (iFluor™ 594) was used as the secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp3-32221_rabbit-cripto-mab-je33-31-2920241114828.jpg)
![Flow Cytometry: CRIPTO Antibody (JE33-31) [NBP3-32221] - Flow cytometric analysis of NCCIT cells labeling CRIPTO. Cells were fixed and permeabilized. Then stained with the primary antibody (NBP3-32221, 1ug/ml) (red) compared with Rabbit IgG Isotype Control (green). After incubation of the primary antibody at +4℃ for an hour, the cells were stained with a iFluor™ 488 conjugate-Goat anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary antibody at 1/1,000 dilution for 30 minutes at +4℃. Unlabelled sample was used as a control (cells without incubation with primary antibody; black).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp3-32221_rabbit-cripto-mab-je33-31-392024884631.jpg)