SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 Antibody - BSA Free

• Reactivity: V
• Applications: WB, ELISA
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Format: BSA Free

SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 Antibody - BSA Free Summary

• Immunogen: Synthetic peptide
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Gene: ORF6
• Purity: Epitope affinity purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • ELISA
  • Western Blot 1:500-1000

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: PBS, 10% glycerol, pH7.2
• Preservative: 0.02% Sodium Azide
• Purity: Epitope affinity purified

Alternate Names for SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 Antibody - BSA Free

• 2019-nCoV ORF6 Protein
• 2019-nCoV ORF6
• Accessory Protein 6
• COVID-19 Non-structural protein 6
• COVID-19 ns6
• COVID-19 ORF6
• COVID-19 Protein X3
• Human coronavirus ORF6 Protein
• Non-structural protein 6
• NS6
• ORF6 protein
• SARS-CoV-2 Accessory Protein 6
• SARS-CoV-2 Non-structural protein 6
• SARS-CoV-2 ns6
• SARSCoV2 ORF6 Protein
• SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 Protein
• SARS-CoV-2 Protein X3
• SARS-CoV-2
• Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

Background

SARS-CoV-2 Open Reading Frame 6 (ORF6) is one of the nine downstream accessory protein open reading frames of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19 (1). SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 is 61 amino acids (aa) with a theoretical molecular weight of 7.2 kDa (2, 3). The amino acid sequence alignment of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2's ORF7a has 68.9% sequence identity and 93.4% sequence similarity (3).

SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 is an ER/Golgi membrane protein that disrupts the formation of the nuclear import complex by binding karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) and karyopherin beta 1 (KPNB1) (2, 4). More specifically, it was found that this disruption is mediated by ORF6's localization to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) where it binds Nup98-Rae1 to target the nuclear import pathway (5). This disruption further prevents the transport of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and ultimately blocks interferon (IFN) production and antiviral responses (2, 4, 5). It has been hypothesized that the pathology of COVID-19 is largely initiated by the SARS-CoV-2 proteins ORF6 and non-structural protein 1 (NSP1) which together inhibit STAT1 activity (4). The repression of STAT1 thereby instead promotes STAT3 activation and the upregulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), leading to a cascade of events that are key features of COVID-19 (4). These harmful events include thrombosis, production of cytokines and chemokines by macrophages, profibrotic changes, hypoxia, and eventual T-cell lymphopenia (4). These finding suggest that targeting STAT1 and STAT3 might be beneficial therapeutic strategies for treating COVID-19.

References

1. Michel, C. J., Mayenr, C., Poch, O., & Thompson, J. D. (2020). Characterization of accessory genes in coronavirus genomes. Virology journal. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-020-01402-1

2. UniProt (P0DTC6)

3. Yoshimoto F. K. (2020). The Proteins of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2 or n-COV19), the Cause of COVID-19. The protein journal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10930-020-09901-4

4. Matsuyama, T., Kubli, S. P., Yoshinaga, S. K., Pfeffer, K., & Mak, T. W. (2020). An aberrant STAT pathway is central to COVID-19. Cell death and differentiation, 1-17. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41418-020-00633-7

5. Miorin, L., Kehrer, T., Sanchez-Aparicio, M. T., Zhang, K., Cohen, P., Patel, R. S., Cupic, A., Makio, T., Mei, M., Moreno, E., Danziger, O., White, K. M., Rathnasinghe, R., Uccellini, M., Gao, S., Aydillo, T., Mena, I., Yin, X., Martin-Sancho, L., Krogan, N. J., ... Garcia-Sastre, A. (2020). SARS-CoV-2 Orf6 hijacks Nup98 to block STAT nuclear import and antagonize interferon signaling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 202016650. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016650117

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 Antibody (NBP3-05707)(1)

Publication using NBP3-05707

• Li M, Ayyanathan K, Dittmar M et al. SARS-CoV-2 ORF6 protein does not antagonize interferon signaling in respiratory epithelial Calu-3 cells during infection mBio 2023-06-28 [PMID: 37377442] (Western Blot)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: ORF6