Dengue Virus Capsid Protein Antibody

Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Dengue Virus Capsid Protein Antibody [NBP2-42822] - Analysis of Denque virus 2-infected BHK-21, using Capside Protein (Dengue virus 2 ) antibody at 1:2000 dilution.

Western Blot: Dengue Virus Capsid Protein Antibody [NBP2-42822] - Non-infected (-) and infected (+) BHK-21 whole cell extracts (30 ug) were separated by 15% SDS-PAGE, and the membrane was blotted with Dengue Virus Capsid Protein antibody (NBP2-42822) diluted at 1:1000. The HRP-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG antibody was used to detect the primary antibody.

• Reactivity: V-Vi
• Applications: WB, Flow, ICC/IF
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Conjugate: Unconjugated

Dengue Virus Capsid Protein Antibody Summary

• Description: Novus Biologicals Rabbit Dengue Virus Capsid Protein Antibody (NBP2-42822) is a polyclonal antibody validated for use in WB, Flow and ICC/IF. All Novus Biologicals antibodies are covered by our 100% guarantee.
• Immunogen: Carrier-protein conjugated synthetic peptide encompassing a sequence within the N-terminus region of Dengue Virus Capsid Protein (Dengue virus 2 (strain 16681 PDK 53)). The exact sequence is proprietary.
• Specificity: Though raised against DEN2 protein, this antibody is predicted to cross-react with the other serotypes based on comparative sequence analysis. Experimental evidence from an independent lab showed that this antibody does not detect the target protein by western blot in DEN1-infected C6/36 mosquito cell lysates.
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Gene: POLY
• Purity: Antigen Affinity-purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Flow Cytometry Assay dependent
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence 1:1000-1:2000
  • Western Blot 1:500-1:3000
• Application Notes: Positive Control: Dengue virus 2 infect BHK-21.
• Theoretical MW: 12 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Reactivity Notes

Dengue Virus.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Aliquot and store at -20C or -80C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: PBS, 1% BSA, 20% Glycerol
• Preservative: 0.025% Proclin 300
• Purity: Antigen Affinity-purified

Alternate Names for Dengue Virus Capsid Protein Antibody

• polyprotein gene

Background

Dengue virus is a single -stranded, positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the Flavivirdae family and is the causative agent of Dengue fever (1-3). Other viruses in the same family include Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, and yellow fever (2,3). The Dengue virus is primarily transmitted through Aedes mosquito bites, with 100-400 million people infected annually and approximately 20,000 deaths worldwide per year (1,3). There are four known Dengue virus serotypes (DENV 1-4) that share 65% amino acid sequence similarity (1-2). The serotypes can be further classified into genotypes according to geographical distribution (2,3). The structure of the Dengue virus is ~50 nanometers (nm) in diameter, spherical in shape, and consists of an enveloped single-stranded RNA, an icosahedral nucleocapsid core, and a lipid bilayer (1-3). The Dengue virus genome is 11-kilobases (kb) long and has a 5' untranslated region (UTR), an open reading frame (ORF), and a 3' UTR (1,3). The ORF encodes a polyprotein for the translation of the three structural proteins and seven non-structural proteins (1-3). The structural proteins are the capsid (100 amino acids (aa), 12 kilodalton (kDa)), the pre-membrane (166 aa) or membrane (75 aa, 8.2-8.5 kDa), and envelope (495 aa, 53 kDa) (1-3). The nonstructural proteins are NS1 (350 aa, 45 kDa), NS2A (218 aa, 22 kDa), NS2B (130 aa, 14 kDa), NS3 (618 aa, 70 kDa), NS4A (150 aa, 16 kDa), NS4B (245-249 aa, 27 kDa), NS5 (900 aa, 104 kDa) (1-3).

Dengue virus entry into host cells occurs via receptor-mediated endocytosis by receptor molecules including the mannose receptor, heparan sulfate, glycosaminoglycans, and DC-SIGN (1,3). Following attachment, the virus is endocytosed in clathrin-coated vesicles (1,3). Following internalization, clathrin disassembles and endosomal processing occurs, allowing viral fusion, disassembly, and release of viral RNA (1,3). This release results in viral translation and replication, virus assembly and maturation, and eventual exocytosis of the mature virus (1,3). Infection can result in a wide range of clinical symptoms including mild disease such as Dengue fever which is characterized by fever, headache, joint pain, rash, and retro-orbital pain, or severe, life-threatening conditions like Dengue hemorrhagic fever or Dengue shock syndrome which involves vascular permeability and leakage (1-3). Host immune response against infection includes innate immune response via interferon secretion and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, as well as adaptive immune response involving cellular and humoral components like T cell activation and B-cell mediated antibody production (1-3). As far as treatment for Dengue virus infection, there no commercial antiviral agents, though some anti-pyretics and certain phenolic compounds do show promise in treating infection (1-3). However, Resveratol, an antiviral for other Flavivirus, has been shown to directly attack the Dengue virus genome (1). While more work needs to be done, there are some live-attenuated tetravalent Dengue virus vaccine candidates in clinal trials including DENVax and TV003/TV005 (1-3).

References

1. Nanaware N, Banerjee A, Mullick Bagchi S, Bagchi P, Mukherjee A. Dengue Virus Infection: A Tale of Viral Exploitations and Host Responses. Viruses. 2021;13(10):1967. Published 2021 Sep 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13101967

2. Harapan H, Michie A, Sasmono RT, Imrie A. Dengue: A Minireview. Viruses. 2020;12(8):829. Published 2020 Jul 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12080829

3. Roy SK, Bhattacharjee S. Dengue virus: epidemiology, biology, and disease aetiology. Can J Microbiol. 2021;67(10):687-702. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2020-0572

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: POLY