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The differentiation and activation of monocytes (MO) and monocytic cells is modulated by Vitamin D3. Recently, using mRNA Differential Display technology, Fritsche J, et al have identified a gene which is induced in freshly isolated human blood MO that are cultured for 4 hours with Vitamin D3. This cDNA encodes a putative 16.5 kD protein. The product of this gene has structural homology with yeast MMS2P and human CROC-1, which defines a structurally and functionally conserved UBC-like protein family. This protein was called UEV2. The yeast UEV protein is required together with UBC13 for RAD6/RAD18-dependent postreplicative DNA repair in yeast. These proteins also play a central role in the assembly of K63-linked polyubiquitin chains UEV/UBC complexes have been implicated in the assembly of Lys63-linked polyubiquitin chains that act as a novel signal in postreplicative DNA repair and IkBa kinase activation. Recent crystal structure analysis provides direct evidence that the UEV2 heterodimer is necessary for DNA repair.
