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SMC1 is involved in chromosome cohesion during cell cycle and in DNA repair. It is a central component of the cohesin complex. The cohesin complex is required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis. Involved in DNA repair via its interaction with BRCA1 and its related phosphorylation by ATM, SMC1 works as a downstream effector in the ATM/NBS1 branch of S-phase checkpoint.