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Signals originating from damaged DNA activate checkpoint pathways and target the mitotic apparatus via a number a distinct mechanisms. These checkpoints link damage to DNA with the components of the cell cycle through signal transduction systems. In mammals, five genes have been identified as components of DNA damage-induced checkpoint pathways: ATM, p53, p21/WAF1/CIP1, hCHK1, and 14-3-3sigma. When overexpressed in mammalian cells, hRAD17 activates p53 and causes an accumulation of G1 phase cells, suggesting an involvement of the hRAD17 gene in this checkpoint pathway.(1).