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Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an arylesterase capable of hydrolyzing a broad spectrum of organophosphate substrates and lactones, and a number of aromatic carboxylic acid esters. PON1 primarily hydrolyzes paroxon, an organophosphorus anticholinesterase compound produced in vivo by oxidation of the insecticide parathion, to produce p-nitrophenol. Polymorphisms in this gene are a risk factor in coronary artery disease.