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Mitogen-acitvated protein kinase kinase 3 (MKK3) belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family and the MAPK kinase subfamily (MAP2K, MKK or MEKs). MAPKs require dual phosphorylation on threonine and tyrosine residues, an activation step carried out by MAPK kinase (1-2). MKK3, closely related to MKK6, efficiently phosphorylates and activates p38 MAP kinase in response to inflammatory cytokines and environmental stress but not JNK or ERK (3). MKK3 is activated by mitogenic and environ-mental stress stimulus as well as by insulin. MKK3 is necessary for the expression of glucose transporter and participates in the MAP kinase- mediated signaling cascade (4).