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Alanine aminopeptidase (CD13) is expressed on the majority of peripheral blood monocytes and granulocytes. CD13 is also expressed by the majority of acute myeloid leukemias, chronic myeloid leukemias in myeloid blast crisis, a smaller percentage of lymphoid leukemias and myeloid cell lines. CD13 is also found in several types of non hematopoietic cells such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells and in a soluble form in blood plasma. CD13 is not expressed on B cells, T cells, platelets or erythrocytes. In the mouse, CD13 is a non-covalently linked homodimer of approximately 150kD subunits expressed by a variety of cells including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cell and veiled cells. CD13 plays a role in biologically active peptide metabolism, in the control of growth and differentiation, in phagocytosis and in bactericidal/tumoricidal activities. CD13 also serves as a receptor for human coronaviruses.
CD13 is commonly used as a biomarker to detect damage to the kidneys, and that may be used to help diagnose certain kidney disorders. Therefore, CD13 antibodies are useful tools for cancer and renal disorder research.