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Upon antigen challenge, T-helper cells differentiate into two functionally distinct subsets, Th1 and Th2. Th1 cells produce IL-2, IFN-g and lymphotoxin-b that augment cell mediated immune response while Th2 cells secrete IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 that enhance humoral immunity. The function of T-helper cells is regulated by cytokines. A novel cytokine receptor was recently identified and cloned. It is a new member in the type I cytokine receptor family and designated TCCR for T-cell cytokine receptor and WSX-1. TCCR deficient mice had impaired Th1 responses to protein antigen challenge, including decreased levels of IFN-g and Th1-dependent antibody IgG2a. TCCR is predominantly expressed in thymus, spleen, lymph notes and peripheral blood leukocytes.