The immunoglobulin light chain is the smaller subunit of an antibody and in humans can be expressed in two types: as a kappa ( kappa ) or a lambda ( lambda ) chain. Antibodies are produced by B-Cells that are clonal and each expresses only one type of light chain. The light chain class remains fixed for the life of the B lymphocyte. The ratio of kappa and lambda light chains can be used to determine disease status by immunohistochemistry or ELISA based assays.
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