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HtrA3 belongs to the human high-temperature requirement factor A (HtrA) family. HtrA3 has two isoforms (long and short), which are produced by alternative splicing. Similar to HtrA1, HtrA3 binds to various TGF-beta proteins and inhibits the signaling of BMP-4, -2 and TGF-beta 1. HtrA3 does not inhibit signaling originated from a constitutively active BMP receptor, indicating that the inhibition occurs upstream of the cell surface receptor.