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Interleukin-3 receptor (IL-3R) is a heterodimer cytokine composed of alpha chain and beta chain. IL-3R beta subunit (CD131, beta C) is a common shared beta chain of the receptor for granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-5 (1). While the beta chain can not bind to the ligand alone, but it is essential for high affinity ligand binding (2). The cytoplasmic portion of the beta chain contains the major domains necessary for ligand-induced proliferation (3). IL-3R beta is expressed in neutrophil, eosinophil, monocyte, and hematpoietic stem cells. A point mutation leading to defective IL-3R beta expression has been associated to Human pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), a rare cause of respiratory failure (4).