JMJD3 is a histone demethylase that specifically demethylates trimethylated and dimethylated 'Lys-27' of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code. It plays a central role in regulation of posterior development by regulating HOX gene expression. JMJD3 is involved in inflammatory response by participating in macrophage differentiation in case of inflammation by regulating gene expression and macrophage differentiation. It has shown to be essential to mammalian epidermal differentiation and is upregulated in prostate cancer.
