IFN-alpha 1 Products

Description

Interferons (IFN) are a family of cytokines with potent antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory properties, classified based on their binding specificity to cell surface receptors (1). Human IFNA2 was originally cloned in the early ‘80s and now more than a dozen closely related IFN alpha subtypes have been identified in both the human and mouse genome, each sharing about 80% amino acid (aa) sequence homology (2-4). Structurally, type I IFNs belong to the class of five helical‑bundle cytokines, with the IFNA subtypes containing 2 conserved disulfide bonds (5). The extracellular domain (ECD) of mature human IFNA1, also known as IFNA13, shares 63% aa sequence identity with mouse IFNA1. Two variants of human IFNA1 are known to exist, IFNA1a and IFNA1b, which only differ by a single residue at position 137 (6). The type I IFNs bind to the interferon alpha receptor (IFNAR), which consists of two subunits: IFNAR1 (alpha ‑subunit) and IFNAR2 (beta ‑subunit) (7, 8). IFNA1 is the most expressed IFNA subtype and primarily expressed by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC), which are the earliest cells recruited to the sites of virus entry (9). Individual IFNA subtypes are known to display unique efficacies to viral protection, and IFNA1 exhibits low potency, determined by both antiviral and antiproliferative activities (10). Human IFNA1 was the first IFNA to be purified and has been tested as a treatment for various diseases (11-13).

Bioinformatics

Uniprot	CAA23799.1
Product By Gene ID	3439
Alternate Names	IFL;IFN;IFNA@;IFNA13;IFN-ALPHA;IFN-alphaD;Interferon alpha-1/13;leIF D IFNA1 IFNalpha 1 IFN-alpha 1