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Phosphorylation Bioinformatics

Phosphorylation is one of the most prevalent and frequently studied post-translational modification (PTM). Protein phosphorylation is a PTM that plays a key role in regulating signal transduction, apoptosis, and cell cycle and replication. Despite its prevalence, phosphorylation occurs only on three amino acids: Serine (Ser; S), Threonine (Thr; T) and Tyrosine (Tyr; Y). The mechanism of phosphorylation revolves around the side chains of these amino acids. Serine, Threonine and Tyrosine have an -OH group that attacks the terminal phosphate group on ATP, thus transferring a phosphate group to the amino acid side chain. Although this reaction is unidirectional (due to the vast quantity energy released from the conversion of ATP to ADP), phosphorylation of proteins is reversible. Kinases and Phosphatases mediate the reverse reaction via the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of substrates, respectively. Kinases mediate phosphorylation at Serine, threonine and tyrosine side chains, and phosphatases reverse protein phosphorylation by hydrolyzing the phosphate group.

Phosphorylation Bioinformatics Tool

Laverne is a handy bioinformatics tool to help facilitate scientific exploration of related genes, diseases and pathways based on co-citations. Explore more on Phosphorylation below! For more information on how to use Laverne, please read the How to Guide.
Vizit™, under license from BioVista Inc.

Top Research Reagents

We have 3029 products for the study of Phosphorylation that can be applied to Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), Flow Cytometry, Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot from our catalog of antibodies and ELISA kits.

NFkB p105/p50 Antibody (2J10D7)
NB100-56583
Western Blot: NFkB p105/p50 Antibody (2J10D7) [NB100-56583] - Analysis of p50 in HeLa lysate in the A) absence and B) presence of immunizing peptide using p50 antibody at 5 ug/ml.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: NFkB p105/p50 Antibody (2J10D7) [NB100-56583] - IHC-P of rabbit aorta using NB100-56583. Secondary antibody: anti-mouse histofine ( Nisherei Bioscience Inc. ref: 414131F). Development: DAB (Dako ref: K346811-2) and counterstained with Hematoxylin. Submitted via verified customer review

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Rat, Rabbit
Applications WB, Flow, IHC

     1 Review

4 Publications
ERK2 Antibody (OTI6E5)
NBP1-47842
Western Blot: ERK2 Antibody (6E5) [NBP1-47842] - Analysis of extracts (35ug) from 9 different cell lines by using anti-ERK2 monoclonal antibody.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: ERK2 Antibody (6E5) [NBP1-47842] - Endometrium tissue within the normal limits using antiMAPK1mouse monoclonal antibody. (Heat-induced epitope retrieval by 10mM citric buffer, pH6.0, 100C for 10min,Dilution 1:50)

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, IHC, IHC-P

p38 alpha [p Thr180, p Tyr182] Antibody
NB500-138
Western Blot: p38 [p Thr180, p Tyr182] Antibody [NB500-138] - Hela cell lysates that had been treated with UV or untreated (Control) showing specific immunolabeling of the -39 kDa p38 MAPK protein phosphorylated at Thr180/Tyr182.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: p38 [p Thr180, p Tyr182] Antibody [NB500-138] - Immunostaining of human breast cancer tissue showing p38 when phosphorylated at Thr180/Tyr182 in red.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, IHC, IHC-P

14 Publications
SGSM3 Antibody
NBP2-13304
Western Blot: SGSM3 Antibody [NBP2-13304] - Lane 1: Marker [kDa] 250, 130, 95, 72, 55, 36, 28, 17, 10. Lane 2: Human cell line RT-4Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: SGSM3 Antibody [NBP2-13304] - Immunofluorescent staining of human cell line MCF7 shows localization to the Golgi apparatus.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, ICC/IF, IHC

ERK1 Antibody (1E5)
NBP2-22203
Western Blot: ERK1 Antibody (1E5) [NBP2-22203] - Western blot analysis of whole cell lysates from (1) MCF7 (2) NIH3T3 cell lines using ERK1 antibody (clone 1E5) at 1:1000 dilution. The signal was developed using HRP labeled goat-anti Mouse secondary antibody with ECL based detection. Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: ERK1 Antibody (1E5) [NBP2-22203] - Analysis of NIH/3T3 cells using ERK1 mouse mAb (green). Blue: DRAQ5 fluorescent DNA dye. Red: Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor-555 phalloidin.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, ELISA, Flow

STAT3 Antibody (9D8)
NBP2-22471
Western Blot: STAT3 Antibody (9D8) [NBP2-22471] - Human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 was treated with carboplatin for 72 hours and the expression of p-Stat3 at Y705 and total Stat3 were detected by western blot. From verified customer review.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: STAT3 Antibody (9D8) [NBP2-22471] - Analysis of STAT3 using anti-STAT3 (9D8) monoclonal antibody (shown in green) in HeLa cells. Formalin fixed cells were permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 in TBS for 10 minutes at room temperature. Cells were then blocked with 1% Blocker BSA for 15 minutes at room temperature. Cells were probed with a mouse monoclonal antibody recognizing STAT3, at a dilution of 1:100 for at least 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then washed with PBS and incubated with DyLight 488 goat-anti-mouse secondary antibody at a dilution of 1:400 for 30 minutes at room temperature. Nuclei (blue) were stained with Hoechst 33342 dye.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, ChIP, ICC/IF

     1 Review

3 Publications
Src [p Tyr419] Antibody [Unconjugated]
AF2685
Western blot shows lysates of MDA‑MB‑468 human breast cancer cell line and HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line untreated (-) or treated (+) with 50 μM pervanadate (PV) for 10 minutes. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Rabbit Anti-Human Phospho-Src (Y419) Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF2685), followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # <A class=NoLineLink href=Simple Western lane view shows lysates of MBA‑MB‑468 human breast cancer cell line untreated (-) or treated (+) with 50 µM Pervanadate (PV) for 10 minutes, loaded at 0.2 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for Phospho-Src (Y419) at approximately 64 kDa (as indicated) using 10 µg/mL of Rabbit Anti-Human Phospho-Src (Y419) Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF2685). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the 12-230 kDa separation system.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, Simple Western, IHC

     1 Review

5 Publications
AKT [p Ser473] Antibody - Pan Specific
AF887
Western blot shows lysates of NIH‑3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line untreated (-) or treated (+) with 100 ng/mL Human PDGF (Catalog #<A class=NoLineLink href=Simple Western lane view shows lysates of MCF‑7 human breast cancer cell line and A549 human lung carcinoma cell line untreated (-) or treated (+) with 100 ng/mL Recombinant Human IGF‑I (Catalog # <A class=NoLineLink href=

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, Simple Western, IHC

25 Publications
EphB2 Antibody [Unconjugated]
AF467
Simple Western lane view shows lysates of COLO 205 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line and MBA‑MB‑468 human breast cancer cell line, loaded at 0.2 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for EphB2 at approximately 139 and 146 kDa (as indicated) using 20 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human/Mouse EphB2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF467) followed by 1:50 dilution of HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # <a class= Western blot shows 25 ng of Recombinant Human EphB2 Fc Chimera (Catalog # <a class=

Goat Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse
Applications WB, Simple Western, Flow

     9 Reviews

35 Publications
p38 gamma/SAPK3 Antibody [Unconjugated]
AF1347
Western blot shows recombinant human p38 beta , p38 gamma , p38δ and p38 alpha (1 ng/lane). PVDF membrane was probed with 0.2 µg/mL Rabbit Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat p38 gamma Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1347) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # <A class=NoLineLink href=Western blot shows lysates of PC-12 rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cell line, C6 rat glioma cell line, and C2C12 mouse myoblast cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.2 µg/mL Rabbit Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat p38 gamma Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1347) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # <A class=NoLineLink href=

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, Simple Western, IHC

6 Publications
EGFR Antibody [Unconjugated]
AF231
EGFR was detected in immersion fixed frozen sections of human skin using Goat Anti-Human EGFR Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF231) at 1 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Goat IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # <a class= EGFR was detected in immersion fixed A431 human epithelial carcinoma cell line using Goat Anti-Human EGFR Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF231) at 1 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # <a class=

Goat Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, Flow, IHC

     1 Review

8 Publications
IL-6 [HRP]
D6050
IL-6 [HRP] IL-6 [HRP]


Species Human
Applications ELISA

     30 Reviews

545 Publications
TNF-alpha [Unconjugated]
210-TA
1 µg/lane of Recombinant Human TNF-alpha was resolved by SDS-PAGE with silver staining, under reducing (R) conditions, showing a band at 17 kDa.Recombinant Human TNF-alpha (Catalog # 210‑TA) induces cytotoxicity in the L-929 mouse fibroblast cell line in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 25‑100 pg/mL.


Species Human
Applications BA

     36 Reviews

676 Publications
EGF [Unconjugated]
236-EG
1 µg/lane of Recombinant Human EGF was resolved with SDS-PAGE  and visualized by silver staining under reducing (R) conditions, showing a single band at 6 kDa.Recombinant Human EGF (Catalog # 236‑EG) stimulates cell proliferation of the Balb/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 20‑100 pg/mL.


Species Human
Applications BA

     24 Reviews

537 Publications
Insulin Antibody (E2-E3 (same as INS04))
NBP2-34260
Western Blot: Insulin Antibody (E2-E3 (same as INS04)) [NBP2-34260] - Probing of Western blots of pancreatic lysates from control and iron overloaded Tg40 PrP and PrP-/- mice with antibodies specific for insulin dimer and pentamer (upper and lower panels) shows decreased expression in Tg40 PrP relative to PrP-/- samples (lanes 1 & 5 vs. 3 & 7). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (nature.com/articles/s41598-018-24786-1), licensed under a CC-BY licence.Immunohistochemistry: Insulin Antibody (E2-E3 (same as INS04)) [NBP2-34260] - Immunohistochemistry of pancreas shows relatively higher reactivity for insulin in PrP-/- relative to Tg40 PrP sections (panels 1 & 3). Iron overloading decreases insulin reactivity in Tg40 PrP but not in PrP-/- samples (panels 1 vs. 2 & 3 vs. 4). Reaction for glucagon is higher in iron overloaded Tg40 PrP relative to control samples (panels 5 & 6). The difference is minimal in PrP-/- samples (panels 7 & 8). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-24786-1), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Porcine
Applications WB, ICC/IF, IHC

     5 Reviews

2 Publications
c-jun [p Ser63] Antibody (SY0297)
NBP2-67471
Western Blot: c-jun [p Ser63] Antibody (SY0297) [NBP2-67471] - Human U251 glioma cell line, whole cell lysates. Cells have been treated with JNK and p38 inhibitors. WB image submited by a verified customer review.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: c-jun [p Ser63] Antibody (SY0297) [NBP2-67471] - Staining Phospho-c-Jun(S63) in PC-3M cells (green). The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue). Cells were fixed in paraformaldehyde, permeabilised with 0.25% Triton X100/PBS.

Rabbit Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, ICC/IF, IHC

     1 Review

JNK1 [p Thr183, p Thr221] Antibody (ST500)
NBP2-67514
Western Blot: JNK1 [p Thr183, p Thr221] Antibody (ST500) [NBP2-67514] - Analysis of Phospho-JNK1/2/3(T183+T183+T221) on different lysates using anti-Phospho-JNK1/2/3(T183+T183+T221) antibody at 1/1,000 dilution. Positive control: Lane 1: NIH/3T3 cell lysate, treated with Anisomycin Lane 2: NIH/3T3 cell lysate, untreatedImmunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: JNK1 [p Thr183, p Thr221] Antibody (ST500) [NBP2-67514] - Staining Phospho-JNK1/2/3(T183+T183+T221) in NIH/3T3 cells (green). The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue). Cells were fixed in paraformaldehyde, permeabilised with 0.25% Triton X100/PBS.

Rabbit Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, Flow, ICC/IF

     1 Review

PYK2/FAK2 Antibody (SC06-15)
NBP2-67627
Western Blot: PYK2/FAK2 Antibody (SC06-15) [NBP2-67627] - Analysis of PYK2 on mouse brain lysates using anti-PYK2 antibody at 1:1000 dilution.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: PYK2/FAK2 Antibody (SC06-15) [NBP2-67627] - Staining PYK2 in SH-SY-5Y cells (green). The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue). Cells were fixed in paraformaldehyde, permeabilized with 0.25% Triton X-100/PBS.

Rabbit Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, ICC/IF, IHC

     1 Review

PRRT2 Antibody
NBP2-82026
Western Blot: PRRT2 Antibody [NBP2-82026] - Analysis of PRRT2 in mouse brain tissue lysate with PRRT2 antibody at 1 ug/ml.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: PRRT2 Antibody [NBP2-82026] - Immunofluorescence of PRRT2 in rat brain tissue with PRRT2 antibody at 20 ug/ml.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, ELISA, ICC/IF