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Citrullination Bioinformatics

Citrullination, also referred to as deimination, is a type of post-translational modification (PTM). The process of citrullination involves the conversion of one or more Arginine amino acids into Citrulline. Peptidylarginine Deiminases (PADs) are enzymes that catalyze this PTM by replacing the aldimine functional group with a ketone group. Citrullination is an essential post-translational modification as it regulates gene expression and may play a role in autoimmune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Citrullination Bioinformatics Tool

Laverne is a handy bioinformatics tool to help facilitate scientific exploration of related genes, diseases and pathways based on co-citations. Explore more on Citrullination below! For more information on how to use Laverne, please read the How to Guide.
Vizit™, under license from BioVista Inc.

Top Research Reagents

We have 1990 products for the study of Citrullination that can be applied to Western Blot, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Flow Cytometry, Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry from our catalog of antibodies and ELISA kits.

CRYGD Antibody (4E12)
H00001421-M03
Western Blot: CRYGD Antibody (4E12) [H00001421-M03] - Analysis of CRYGD expression in HepG2 (Cat # L019V1).Sandwich ELISA: CRYGD Antibody (4E12) [H00001421-M03] - Detection limit for recombinant GST tagged CRYGD is approximately 0.03ng/ml as a capture antibody.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, ELISA, S-ELISA

C-Reactive Protein/CRP [HRP]
DCRP00
C-Reactive Protein/CRP [HRP] C-Reactive Protein/CRP [HRP]


Species Human

     3 Reviews

83 Publications
PADI4 Antibody (OTI5C10)
NBP2-46310
Western Blot: PADI4 Antibody (OTI5C10) [NBP2-46310] - Analysis of HEK293T cells were transfected with the pCMV6-ENTRY control (Left lane) or pCMV6-ENTRY PADI4.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: PADI4 Antibody (OTI5C10) [NBP2-46310] - Analysis of Human breast tissue. (Heat-induced epitope retrieval by 10mM citric buffer, pH6.0, 120C for 3min)

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, IHC, IHC-P

Proteinase 3/Myeloblastin/PRTN3 Antibody
NBP1-25966
Western Blot: Proteinase 3/Myeloblastin/PRTN3 Antibody [NBP1-25966] - Human PMN (peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from buffycoat; denatured, reduced) using Rabbit antibody to c-terminal region of Pr3 (Wegener autoantigen): whole serum at 1: 500 dilution; blocked with 1% LFDM for 15 minutes at room temperature with shake, primary antibody incubated for 15 minutes at room temperature, washed 3 times with PBST, 5 minutes each. Secondary antibody was also incubated for 15 minutes at room temperature.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Proteinase 3/Myeloblastin/PRTN3 Antibody [NBP1-25966] - Human PBMC were isolated and adjusted to 106 cells. Cells were fixed with 2% formaldehyde for 10 min at 37C. Washed twice with PBS before cytospin the cells onto microscope slides. Cells were blocked with PBS containing 1%BSA for 20 min at RT. Excess of blocking solution was removed and cells were then incubated with Rabbit Ab to c-terminal region of Pr3 (Wegener autoantigen): whole serum for 30 min at RT (diluted 1:100 in the blocking buffer). Washed 3X with PBS and incubated with anti-Rabbit Alexa 586 for further 30 min. Washed as before and nuclear counterstained with DAPI. Neutrophils and Monocytes, known to have PR3 are intensely stained by the Rabbit Ab to c-terminal region of Pr3 (Wegener autoantigen): whole serum.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, Flow, ICC/IF

2 Publications
Vimentin Antibody
NB300-223
Western Blot: Vimentin Antibody [NB300-223] - Analysis of tissue and cell lysates. Antibody at 1:5000 in red. [1] protein standard (red), [2] rat whole brain lysate, [3] HeLa, [4] SH-SY5Y, [5] HEK293, and [6] NIH-3T3 cell lysates. NB300-223 binds to the vimentin protein showing a single band at ~50 kDa. The blot was simultaneously probed with mouse mAb to MAP2C/D, dilution 1:5000 in green, revealing multiple bands around 280 kDa that correspond to full length MAP2A/2B isotypes, and ~70 kDa bands which are MAP2C/D isotypes. MAP2 isotypes are seen only in extracts containing neuronal lineage cells.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Vimentin Antibody [NB300-223] - Comparative analysis of epithelial and mesenchymal markers expressions. Fluorescence immunocytochemistry staining for E-cadherin (green), N-cadherin (red) and vimentin (cyan) was performed on esophageal cancer cells under static and microfluidic flow conditions at different time points. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (http://www.nature.com/articles/srep38221), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Chicken Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, ICC/IF, IHC

     6 Reviews

42 Publications
TNF-alpha [Unconjugated]
210-TA
1 µg/lane of Recombinant Human TNF-alpha was resolved by SDS-PAGE with silver staining, under reducing (R) conditions, showing a band at 17 kDa.Recombinant Human TNF-alpha (Catalog # 210‑TA) induces cytotoxicity in the L-929 mouse fibroblast cell line in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 25‑100 pg/mL.


Species Human

     31 Reviews

645 Publications
HLA DRB4 Antibody (4C8)
H00003126-M01
Western Blot: HLA DRB4 Antibody (4C8) [H00003126-M01] - HLA-DRB4 monoclonal antibody (M01), clone 4C8. Analysis of HLA-DRB4 expression in human kidney.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: HLA DRB4 Antibody (4C8) [H00003126-M01] - Analysis of monoclonal antibody to HLA-DRB4 on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human tonsil. Antibody concentration 1 ug/ml.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, ELISA, IHC

1 Publication
HLA DRB1 Antibody (SPM288)
NBP2-45312
Western Blot: HLA DRB1 Antibody (SPM288) [NBP2-45312] - Western Blot Analysis of Ramos cells and human spleen tissue lysate using HLA DRB1 Antibody (SPM288).Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: HLA DRB1 Antibody (SPM288) [NBP2-45312] - Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human Tonsil stained with HLA DRB1 Antibody (SPM288).

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Monkey, Mouse (Negative)
Applications WB, Flow, IHC

HLA DRB5 Antibody
NBP2-14093
Western Blot: HLA DRB5 Antibody [NBP2-14093] - Analysis in human cell line HDLM-2.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: HLA DRB5 Antibody [NBP2-14093] - Staining of human tonsil shows moderate cytoplasmic positivity in germinal center cells.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, IHC, IHC-P

HLA DRB3 Antibody
NBP3-03661
Western Blot: HLA DRB3 Antibody [NBP3-03661] - Analysis of extracts of Raji cells, using HLA DRB3 antibody at 1:1000 dilution. Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1:10000 dilution. Lysates/proteins: 25ug per lane. Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST. Detection: ECL Enhanced Kit.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: HLA DRB3 Antibody [NBP3-03661] - Paraffin-embedded human appendix using HLA DRB3 antibody at dilution of 1:100 (40x lens).

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, IHC

DHX40 Antibody
NBP1-91834
Western Blot: DHX40 Antibody [NBP1-91834] - Lane 1: NIH-3T3 cell lysate (Mouse embryonic fibroblast cells) Lane 2: NBT-II cell lysate (Rat Wistar bladder tumour cells)Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: DHX40 Antibody [NBP1-91834] - Staining of human cell line U-251 MG shows localization to nucleoplasm. Antibody staining is shown in green.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, ICC/IF, IHC

MBP Antibody (12)
NB600-717
Western Blot: MBP Antibody (12) [NB600-717] - Mouse Brain Tissue lysate probed with Rat anti MBP.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: MBP Antibody (12) [NB600-717] - Histological and mRNA analysis of the inflammatory cytokines in the vehicle- or etifoxine-treated mice at onset of clinical symptoms. At day 10 p.i., drug treated animals showed significant differences in MBP staining. Animals treated with etifoxine showed an increase in retention of percentage of MBP coverage (*p = 0.001). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (http://embomolmed.embopress.org/cgi/doi/10.1002/emmm.201202124), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Rat Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, ELISA, ICC/IF

     3 Reviews

17 Publications
CSRP1 Antibody
AF5739
Western blot shows lysates of ME-180 human cervical epithelial carcinoma cell line, HT-2 mouse T cell line, and Rat-2 rat embryonic fibroblast cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.5 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat CSRP1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF5739) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # <A class=NoLineLink href=

Goat Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB

Fucosyltransferase 2/FUT2 Antibody
NBP2-26116
Western Blot: Fucosyltransferase 2/FUT2 Antibody [NBP2-26116] - Staining of Human Liver lysate (35 ug protein in RIPA buffer). Primary incubation was 1 hour. Detected by chemiluminescence. Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Fucosyltransferase 2/FUT2 Antibody [NBP2-26116] - Staining of Human Placenta. Steamed antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6, AP-staining.

Goat Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, IHC, IHC-P

1 Publication
SQLE Antibody
NBP2-32001
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: SQLE Antibody [NBP2-32001] - Staining of human skin shows moderate cytoplasmic positivity in squamous epithelial cells.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: SQLE Antibody [NBP2-32001] - Staining of human colon shows moderate cytoplasmic positivity in myocytes.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse
Applications WB, IHC, IHC-P

1 Publication
ER alpha/NR3A1 Antibody (33)
NB300-560
Western Blot: ER alpha/NR3A1 Antibody (33) [NB300-560] - Analysis of recombinant ER alpha.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: ER alpha/NR3A1 Antibody (33) [NB300-560] - Human breast tissue (B) and magnified section (C) compared with an isotype control (A).

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, IHC, IHC-Fr

     1 Review

6 Publications
Filaggrin Antibody
NBP1-87528
Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Filaggrin Antibody [NBP1-87528] - Staining of human cell line HaCaT shows localization to vesicles.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Filaggrin Antibody [NBP1-87528] - Staining of human liver shows no positivity in hepatocytes as expected.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse
Applications ICC/IF, IHC, IHC-P

     1 Review

1 Publication
Enolase 1 Antibody (8G8)
H00002023-M01
Western Blot: Enolase 1 Antibody (8G8) [H00002023-M01] - Analysis of ENO1 expression in transfected 293T cell line by ENO1 monoclonal antibody (M01), clone 8G8.Lane 1: ENO1 transfected lysate(47 KDa).Lane 2: Non-transfected lysate.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Enolase 1 Antibody (8G8) [H00002023-M01] - Analysis of monoclonal antibody to ENO1 on HeLa cell. Antibody concentration 10 ug/ml.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Feline
Applications WB, ELISA, Flow

7 Publications
Lyp/PTPN22 Antibody (340113)
MAB3428
Western blot shows lysates of Jurkat human acute T cell leukemia cell line, Daudi human Burkitt's lymphoma cell line, and Ramos human Burkitt's lymphoma cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Mouse Anti-Human Lyp Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB3428) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # <A class=NoLineLink href=Lyp was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human lymph node using 25 µg/mL Mouse Anti-Human Lyp Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB3428) overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained with the Anti-Mouse HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # <A class=NoLineLink href=

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, IHC

     1 Review

1 Publication
PADI2 Antibody (4D4)
H00011240-M01
Sandwich ELISA: PADI2 Antibody (4D4) [H00011240-M01] - Detection limit for recombinant GST tagged PADI2 is approximately 0.3ng/ml as a capture antibody.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse
Applications WB, ELISA, IHC

3 Publications