Goat anti-Avian IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody

• Reactivity: Av
• Applications: WB, ELISA, ICC/IF, IHC
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Concentration: 1.0 mg/ml

Goat anti-Avian IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody Summary

• Immunogen: This Goat anti-Avian IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody was developed against bird IgG-heavy and light chain.
• Specificity: By immunoelectrophoresis and ELISA this Goat anti-Avian IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody reacts specifically with duck, sparrow, dove and chicken IgG. Turkey, ostrich, emu, quail, macaw and cockateil IgG are also detected. No antibody was detected against non-immunoglobulin serum proteins. This antibody may cross react with IgG from other species.
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Purity: Immunogen affinity purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • ELISA 1:1000-1:30000 (Primary) 1:100-1:500 (for coating plates)
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence 1:200- 1:2000
  • Immunohistochemistry 1:200- 1:2000
  • Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin 1:200- 1:2000
  • Western Blot 1:1000-1:30000

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at 4C. Do not freeze.
• Buffer: PBS
• Preservative: 0.09% Sodium Azide
• Concentration: 1.0 mg/ml
• Purity: Immunogen affinity purified

Background

Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Igs) are critical for immunity and are grouped into five primary classes: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE. The most abundant antibody isotype is immunoglobulin G (IgG) with concentrations ranging from 7.5-22 mg/ml in human serum and has a molecular weight of 150 kDa. The major effector functions of IgG include neutralization, opsonization, complement fixation and antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). This monomeric immunoglobulin, expressed on the surface of mature B cells, is often depicted as a Y-shape and comprised of 2 heavy chains and 2 light chains linked by disulfide bonds. The heavy chain is type gamma including subtypes gamma 1, gamma 2, gamma 3, and gamma 4 while the light chain is either a kappa or lambda chain. An IgG molecule has two antigen binding sites, each consisting of a heavy and light chain N-terminal variable domain. When combined with the constant heavy chain 1 (Ch1) and the constant light chain domains, it forms the fragment antigen-binding (Fab) region (2 per antibody). The remaining domains (Ch2-Ch4) of both heavy chains make up the Fc region and contain a site for covalently linking an enzymatic or fluorochrome probe, such as HRP or Janelia Fluor 549, for target detection and visualization (1,2,3).

The 4 IgG subclasses, sharing 95% amino acid identity, include IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 for humans and IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 for mice. The relative abundance of each human subclass is 60% for IgG1, 32% for IgG2, 4% for IgG3, and 4% for IgG4. In an IgG deficiency, there may be a shortage of one or more subclasses (4).

References

1. Painter RH. (1998) Encyclopedia of Immunology (Second Edition). Elsevier. 1208-1211

2. Chapter 9 - Antibodies. (2012) Immunology for Pharmacy. Mosby 70-78

3. Schroeder H, Cavacini, L. (2010) Structure and Function of Immunoglobulins. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 125(2 0 2): S41-S52. PMID: 20176268

4. Vidarsson G, Dekkers G, Rispens T. (2014) IgG subclasses and allotypes: from structure to effector functions. Front Immunol. 5:520. PMID: 25368619

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Secondary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for IgG (H+L) Antibody (NB7226)(7)

Publications using NB7226

• Meade P, Latorre-Margalef N, Stallknecht DE et al. Development of an influenza virus protein microarray to measure the humoral response to influenza virus infection in mallards Emerg Microbes Infect 2017-12-07 [PMID: 29209053] (ELISA)
• Hegemann A, Pardal S, Matson KD. Indices of immune function used by ecologists are mostly unaffected by repeated freeze-thaw cycles and methodological deviations Front Zool 2017-09-09 [PMID: 28883887] (ELISA)
• Tolf C, Latorre-Margalef N, Wille M et al. Individual variation in influenza A virus infection histories and long-term immune responses in Mallards PLoS One 2013-05-03 [PMID: 23637797] (ELISA, ELISA)
• Toomey MB, Butler MW, McGraw KJ et al. Immune-system activation depletes retinal carotenoids in house finches (Carpodacus mexicanus). J Exp Biol. [PMID: 20435822]
  
  Details:
  Citation using the HRP form of this antibody.
• Herzog S, Enderlein D, Heffels-Redmann U et al. Indirect immunofluorescence assay for intra vitam diagnosis of avian bornavirus infection in psittacine birds. J Clin Microbiol. [PMID: 20392921]
  
  Details:
  Citation using the FITC form of this antibody.
• Linke S, Niedrig M, Kaiser A et al. Serologic evidence of West Nile virus infections in wild birds captured in Germany. Am J Trop Med Hyg . [PMID: 17690413]
  
  Details:
  Citation using the FITC form of this antibody.
• Ebel GD, Dupuis AP 2nd, Nicholas D et al. Detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of antibodies to West Nile virus in birds. Emerg Infect Dis. [PMID: 12194778]
  
  Details:
  Citation using the HRP form of this antibody.