Cytomegalovirus Native Protein

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Cytomegalovirus Native Protein Summary

• Description: Native cytomegalovirus antigen. Human cytomegalovirus strain AD-169 cultured in human foreskin fibroblasts and purified by ultracentrifugation. Purified virus particles lysed and inactivated.
  
  

  Source:Human cytomegalovirus

• Preparation Method: Human cytomegalovirus strain AD-169 cultured in human foreskin fibroblasts and purified by ultracentrifugation. Purified virus particles lysed and inactivated.
• Protein/Peptide Type: Native Protein

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • ELISA

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at -80C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: TBS, 0.02% Triton X-100
• Concentration: 1 mg/ml

Alternate Names for Cytomegalovirus Native Protein

• CMV; HHV 5; HHV5; Human herpesvirus 5

Background

Human cytomegalovirus, also called HCMV or human herpesvirus 5, is a double-stranded DNA, enveloped virus of 230-250 kilobases (kb) that is a member of the Herpesviridae family and the subfamily Betaherpesvirinae (1,2). Other herpesviruses, which share the characteristic of lifelong latency following primary infection, include herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2), varicella zoster virus (VSV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (1). Cytomegalovirus entry into cells is mediated by a trimeric complex of glycoproteins gH, gL, and gO and a pentamer made of proteins gH, gL, UL128, UL130, and UL131A (1,3). The trimer binds PDGFRalpha for entry into fibroblasts while the pentamer binds neuropilin-2 for entry into endothelial and epithelial cells (1,4). Additionally, the fusion protein glycoprotein B (gB) plays a pivotal role for cytomegalovirus entry into the host cell membrane (1,3).

Cytomegalovirus is a common virus, infecting ~60% of adults in developed countries and over 90% in developing countries, as indicated by presence of specific IgG antibodies (2-4). Although a majority of people infected remain asymptomatic, immunocompromised people, organ transplant recipients, and fetuses and newborns are more susceptible to HCMV-associated diseases (1-4). Annually, up to 2% of newborns are born with HCMV, making it the most common congenital infection (2-4). Cytomegalovirus is known to cause sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), mental retardation, chorioretinitis, skin lesions, as well as end organ disease (3,5). There are a few CMV therapeutics approved by FDA including valganciclovir and letermovir; however, despite some benefits, there is the need for new antivirals and combination therapies (5). Potential new treatment options include monoclonal antibodies and sirtuins (5).

References

1. Connolly SA, Jardetzky TS, Longnecker R. The structural basis of herpesvirus entry. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2021;19(2):110-121. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-020-00448-w

2. Griffiths P, Reeves M. Pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus in the immunocompromised host. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2021;19(12):759-773. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-021-00582-z

3. Krstanovic F, Britt WJ, Jonjic S, Brizic I. Cytomegalovirus Infection and Inflammation in Developing Brain. Viruses. 2021;13(6):1078. Published 2021 Jun 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13061078

4. Griffiths P, Baraniak I, Reeves M. The pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus. J Pathol. 2015;235(2):288-297. https://doi.org/10.1002/path.4437

5. Acosta E, Bowlin T, Brooks J, et al. Advances in the Development of Therapeutics for Cytomegalovirus Infections. J Infect Dis. 2020;221(Suppl 1):S32-S44. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz493

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Peptides and proteins are guaranteed for 3 months from date of receipt.