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Rheumatoid Arthritis: Disease Bioinformatics

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints which eventually leads to their destruction. In rheumatoid arthritis affected joints, lymphocytes are activated causing cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1), to be expressed in the inflamed areas. T cells from Rheumatoid arthritis patients recognize cartilage protein and a protein encoded by the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, thus suggesting that mycobacterial infection may trigger Rheumatoid arthritis. The incidence of Rheumatoid arthritis has a negative correlation with thymus function. Patients with Rheumatoid arthritis inevitably experience pain alongside the swelling and tenderness associated with rheumatoid joint inflammation. IL-1 and TNF strongly induce the production of PGE2, leukotrienes and platelet-activating factor, which are involved in the pain mechanism. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a cytokine produced by macrophages that causes the inflammation associated with Rheumatoid arthritis. Medications currently available to combat Rheumatoid arthritis function by binding TNF and preventing it from functioning.

Rheumatoid Arthritis Bioinformatics Tool

Laverne is a handy bioinformatics tool to help facilitate scientific exploration of related genes, diseases and pathways based on co-citations. Explore more on Rheumatoid Arthritis below! For more information on how to use Laverne, please read the How to Guide.
Vizit™, under license from BioVista Inc.

Top Research Reagents

We have 5163 products for the study of Rheumatoid Arthritis that can be applied to Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Flow Cytometry, Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot from our catalog of antibodies and ELISA kits.

NOD2 Antibody (2D9) - BSA Free
NB100-524
Western Blot: NOD2 Antibody (2D9) [NB100-524] - HCMV infection induces NOD2 mRNA and protein in HFFs and U373 cells. E. U373 glioma cells were infected with HCMV Towne strain and levels of NOD1, NOD2 and GAPDH mRNAs were measured by qRT-PCR at indicated time points. F. HFFs were infected with HCMV (Towne) at MOI of 1 PFU/cell and levels of NOD2 protein and B-actin were determined 48 and 72 hpi. G. HFFs were infected with HCMV (Towne) strain at MOI of 0.03 or 3 PFU/cell and levels of NOD2 protein and B-actin were determined at 48 hpi. Quantitative data represent mean values (+/-SD) of triplicate determinations from three independent experiments (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, one-way ANOVA test). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0092704.g001) licensed under a CC-BY licence.Immunohistochemistry-Frozen: NOD2 Antibody (2D9) [NB100-524] - Overlay of NOD2-DyLight 488 (green) with phase contrast of murine colon. Image from verified customer review.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse
Applications WB, Flow, ICC/IF

     1 Review

24 Publications
Complement C3 Antibody (11H9) - BSA Free
NB200-540
Flow (Intracellular): Complement C3 Antibody (11H9) [NB200-540] - An intracellular stain was performed on RAW 246.7 cells with Complement C3 (11H9-3-2) antibody NB200-540 (blue) and a matched isotype control NBP2-31382 (orange). Cells were either treated with 3uM Monensin for 3 hours to block the secretion of Complement C3 (B) or grown in normal media (A). Cells were fixed with 4% PFA and then permeablized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 2 ug/mL for 30 minutes at room temperature, followed by mouse F(ab)2 IgG (H+L) PE-conjugated secondary antibody (F0102B, R&D Systems).Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Complement C3 Antibody (11H9) [NB200-540] - C3 protein fragments deposited on kidney cells of MPL-lpr mouse. Staining with antibody 11H9. Glomerular staining pattern. Fixation in 4% paraformaldehyde in PBS pH 7.4. Vibratome sections of 4 um. Pretreated with 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 min to quench endogenous peroxidases. Microwaved in antigen unmasking solution for 2-5 minutes as antigen retrieval.

Rat Monoclonal
Species Mouse, E. coli
Applications Flow, IA, ICC/IF

     2 Reviews

20 Publications
ER alpha/NR3A1 Antibody (33)
NB300-560
Western Blot: ER alpha/NR3A1 Antibody (33) [NB300-560] - Analysis of recombinant ER alpha.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: ER alpha/NR3A1 Antibody (33) [NB300-560] - Human breast tissue (B) and magnified section (C) compared with an isotype control (A).

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, IHC, IHC-Fr

     1 Review

8 Publications
COX-2 Antibody
NB100-689
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: COX-2 Antibody [NB100-689] - Formalin fixed paraffin embedded colon carcinoma stained with COX-2 antibody (NB100-689).Simple Western: COX-2 Antibody [NB100-689] - Simple Western lane view shows a specific band for COX2 in 1.0 mg/ml of Rat Brain at an antibody concentration of 1:100. This experiment was performed under reducing conditions using the 12-230 kDa separation system. Image provided through customer review.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Rat
Applications WB, Simple Western, IHC

     1 Review

33 Publications
Acrosin Antibody
NBP2-14260
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Acrosin Antibody [NBP2-14260] - Staining in human testis and prostate tissues using anti-ACR antibody. Corresponding ACR RNA-seq data are presented for the same tissues.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Acrosin Antibody [NBP2-14260] - Staining of human prostate shows low expression as expected.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications ICC/IF, IHC, IHC-P

7 Publications
POMC Antibody
NB100-1533
Western Blot: POMC Antibody [NB100-1533] - Staining of NIH3T3 cell lysate with antibody at 0.3 ug/mL (A) and Rat Brain cell lysate with antibody at 2 ug/mL (B). 35 ug protein in RIPA buffer. Detected by chemiluminescence.Immunohistochemistry: POMC Antibody [NB100-1533] - Representative confocal images of POMC in POMC-transfected WT and Sel1L-/- N2a cells. White arrows point to POMC-containing secretory granules, while yellow arrows point to perinuclear POMC. KDEL marks the ER. Representative data from at least 2 independent experiments are shown. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (jci.org/articles/view/96420), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Goat Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, Flow, ICC/IF

10 Publications
CSRP1 Antibody
AF5739
Western blot shows lysates of ME-180 human cervical epithelial carcinoma cell line, HT-2 mouse T cell line, and Rat-2 rat embryonic fibroblast cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.5 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat CSRP1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF5739) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # <A class=NoLineLink href=

Goat Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB

CTLA-4 [Unconjugated]
7268-CT
Recombinant Human CTLA-4 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 7268-CT) inhibits IL-2 secretion by stimulated Jurkat human acute Tcell leukemia cells. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 0.03-0.15 μg/mL whenstimulated with 1 μg/mL Recombinant Human B7‑1/CD80 Fc Chimera (Catalog # <a class=


Species Human
Applications BA

3 Publications
IL-4 [Unconjugated]
6507-IL/CF
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF‑1 human erythroleukemic cells. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 0.05-0.2 ng/mL.


Species Human
Applications BA

3 Publications
C-Reactive Protein/CRP [HRP]
DCRP00
C-Reactive Protein/CRP [HRP] C-Reactive Protein/CRP [HRP]


Species Human
Applications ELISA

135 Publications
IL-6 [HRP]
D6050
IL-6 [HRP] IL-6 [HRP]


Species Human
Applications ELISA

714 Publications
TNF-alpha [Unconjugated]
210-TA
Recombinant Human TNF-alpha (Catalog # 210‑TA) induces cytotoxicity in the L-929 mouse fibroblast cell line in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. The ED<sub>50</sub> for this effect is 25‑100 pg/mL.1 µg/lane of Recombinant Human TNF-alpha was resolved by SDS-PAGE with silver staining, under reducing (R) conditions, showing a band at 17 kDa.


Species Human
Applications BA

     3 Reviews

744 Publications
IL-2 [Unconjugated]
202-IL
Recombinant Human IL-2 (Catalog # 202-IL) stimulates cell proliferation of the CTLL‑2 mouse cytotoxic T cell line. The ED<SUB>50</SUB> for this effect is 0.05-0.25 ng/mL.1 μg/lane of Recombinant Human IL-2 was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 13 kDa.


Species Human
Applications BA

     4 Reviews

351 Publications
IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 [Unconjugated]
201-LB/CF
Recombinant Human IL-1 beta /IL-1F2 (Catalog # 201-LB/CF) stimulates cell proliferation of the D10.G4.1 mouse helper T cell line. The ED<SUB>50</SUB> for this effect is <12 pg/mL.1 μg/lane of Recombinant Human IL-1 beta /IL-1F2 was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 17 kDa.


Species Human
Applications BA

527 Publications
IL-10 [Biotin]
DY417
IL-10 [Biotin]


Species Mouse
Applications ELISA

268 Publications
HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067)
NBP2-45316
Western Blot: HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067) [NBP2-45316] - Western Blot Analysis of Ramos cell lysate using HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067).Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067) [NBP2-45316] - Human Tonsil stained with HLA-DRB Monoclonal Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067).

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Monkey
Applications WB, Flow, ICC/IF

1 Publication
CD4 Antibody - BSA Free
NBP1-19371
Immunohistochemistry: CD4 Antibody [NBP1-19371] - Increased CD3+ and CD4+ T-cell occurrence in the brainstem of SHR-72 transgenic rat model for tauopathies. (A-D) Immunofluorescence staining showed CD4+ T-cells in SHR-72 transgenic animals. (E- H) Immunofluorescence staining showed more perivascular than brain parenchyma infiltrating CD4+ T-cells in SHR-72 transgenic animals. PLoS One. 2019 May 23;14(5):e0217216. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217216.Immunohistochemistry: CD4 Antibody [NBP1-19371] - DBZ inhibits the accumulation of CD4+ T cells and Th2 differentiation in the AAAs. (B) The representation of immunohistochemical staining for CD4+ in abdominal aorta from four groups (left). Bar graphs show the percentage of CD4+ positive cell areas (right; n=3 per group). Bar: 50 um.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, Simple Western, Flow

     9 Reviews

41 Publications
Recombinant Human HLA DRB4 GST (N-Term) Protein
H00003126-P01
12.5% SDS-PAGE Stained with Coomassie Blue.


Species Human
Applications WB, ELISA, PA

HLA DQ/DR/DP Antibody (HLA-Pan/2967R) - Azide and BSA Free
NBP2-79843
Western Blot: HLA DQ/DR/DP Antibody (HLA-Pan/2967R) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP2-79843] - Western Blot Analysis of Ramos cell lysate using HLA DQ/DR/DP Antibody (HLA-Pan/2967R).Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: HLA DQ/DR/DP Antibody (HLA-Pan/2967R) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP2-79843] - Immunofluorescence staining of PFA-fixed Ramos cells. HLA DQ/DR/DP Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (HLA DQ/DR/DP/2967R) followed by goat anti-rabbit IgG-CF488 (green). Nuclei stained with RedDot.

Rabbit Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, ELISA, Flow