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TA1 (Trace amine receptor 1) is a member of the G protein coupled receptor family (subfamily trace amine). It is activated by endogenous trace amines as well as metabolites of the biogenic amine neurotransmitters. Trace amines are biogenic amines present in very low levels in mammalian tissues. Although some trace amines have clearly defined roles as neurotransmitters in invertebrates, the extent to which they function as true neurotransmitters in vertebrates has remained speculative. Trace amines are likely to be involved in a variety of physiological functions that have yet to be fully understood. This receptor is mediated by the G(s)-class of G-proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. TA1 has been reported in human brain, dorsal root ganglion, olfactory bulb, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, prostate, skeletal muscle, small intestine, spleen, spinal cord, and stomach. An EST for TA1 has been identified from a human stomach cancer library.
