Description
SARS-CoV-2 Nonstructural Protein 14 (NSP14) is one of the sixteen nonstructural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19 (1). SARS-CoV-2 NSP14 is 527 amino acids (aa) with a theoretical molecular weight of 59.8 kDa (1-3). The amino acid sequence alignment of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2's NSP14 has 95.1% sequence identity and 99.1% sequence similarity (1). Functionally, NSP14 has both 3'-5' exoribonuclease activity and N7-methyltransferase activity (1-4). The N-terminal domain of NSP14 has exoribonuclease activity (ExoN) with three conserved motifs (DE, E, and D) and belongs to the DEDD superfamily (3,4). NSP14 ExoN activity has a role in RNA proofreading during viral replication (3,4). NSP10 has been shown to interact with the exoribonuclease domain of NSP14, increasing its activity (3,4). On the other hand, the carboxyl-terminal of NSP14 has the N7-methyltransferase activity and functions in viral mRNA capping (3,4).
References
1. Yoshimoto F. K. (2020). The Proteins of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2 or n-COV19), the Cause of COVID-19. The Protein Journal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10930-020-09901-4
2. Gordon, D. E., Jang, G. M., Bouhaddou, M., Xu, J., Obernier, K., White, K. M., O'Meara, M. J., Rezelj, V. V., Guo, J. Z., Swaney, D. L., Tummino, T. A., Huttenhain, R., Kaake, R. M., Richards, A. L., Tutuncuoglu, B., Foussard, H., Batra, J., Haas, K., Modak, M., Kim, M., ... Krogan, N. J. (2020). A SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map reveals targets for drug repurposing. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2286-9
3. Qiu, Y., & Xu, K. (2020). Functional studies of the coronavirus nonstructural proteins. STEMedicine. https://doi.org/10.37175/stemedicine.v1i2.39
4. Romano, M., Ruggiero, A., Squeglia, F., Maga, G., & Berisio, R. (2020). A Structural View of SARS-CoV-2 RNA Replication Machinery: RNA Synthesis, Proofreading and Final Capping. Cells. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9051267
Bioinformatics
| Product By Gene ID |
43740578 |
| Alternate Names |
- ExoN
- Guanine-N7 methyltransferase
- Non-structural protein 14
- nsp14
- Proofreading exoribonuclease
|
