FGFR1 alpha Products

Description

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) belongs to a family of type I transmembrane tyrosine kinases which mediate the biological functions of FGFs that are involved in a multitude of physiological and pathological cellular processes (1). The FGFR family is comprised of 4 structurally conserved members (FGFR1-4) all possessing an extracellular domain (ECD) with three immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains, an acid-box region containing a run of acidic residues between the IgI and IgII domains, a transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic split tyrosine-kinase domain (1, 2). The ECD of mature, full-length FGFR1 shares 98% amino acid sequence identity with mouse FGFR1. Alternative splicing generates multiple forms of FGFR1-3, each with unique signaling characteristics (1-3). For FGFR1, alternative splicing of the ECD generates FGFR1A, FGFR1B, and FGFR1G isoforms of the receptor with the A isoform containing three Ig domains, while the B and G isoforms lack the N‑terminal IgI domain (3). Additional splicing of the IgIII domain, results in IIIa, IIIb, or IIIc isoforms (3). Only the alpha isoform has been identified for FGFR3 and FGFR4 and FGFR4 also lacks the IIIb and IIIc splicing events (4). The FGFR splice variants also exhibit distinct and varying binding affinities for different FGF ligands (2). FGFRs mediate the FGF signaling cascade which regulate developmental processes including cellular proliferation, differentiation, and migration, morphogenesis, and patterning (5). FGFRs transduce the signals through three dominant pathways including RAS/MAPK, PI3k/AKT, and PLC gamma (6). FGFR1 the most abundant FGFR and is widely expressed in many adult human tissues, but the splice variants display distinct tissue-specific differences with IIIc splice variants expressed in mesenchymal tissue (4, 7, 8). Mutations in FGFR1 or misregulation of FGFR1 mediated signaling is found in multiple diseases, with FGFR1A(IIIc) specifically upregulated, from breast and pancreatic cancer to Pfeiffer syndrome and osteoarthritis (4, 9-11). A soluble version of the FGFR1A(IIIc) splice variant has shown anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferative properties in multiple cancer cell line models (11).

Bioinformatics

Uniprot	P11362.3
Product By Gene ID	2260
Alternate Names	FGF R1a FGFR1 alpha