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Preferentially catalyzes the dephosphorylation of 'Ser-5' within the tandem 7 residues repeats in theC-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit POLR2A. Negatively regulates RNA polymerase IItranscription, possibly by controlling the transition from initiation/capping to processive transcript elongation.Recruited by REST to neuronal genes that contain RE-1 elements, leading to neuronal gene silencing in non-neuronalcells